Isilinganiso sekhwalithi yamandla i-voltage ne-frequency.Ukungalingani kwamandla kagesi kuthinta kakhulu ikhwalithi yamandla.Ukwenyuka, ukuncipha noma ukulahleka kwesigaba samandla kagesi wesigaba kuzothinta ukusebenza okuphephile kwempahla yegridi yamandla kanye nekhwalithi yamandla kagesi yomsebenzisi ngamazinga ahlukahlukene.Kunezizathu eziningi zokungalingani kwamandla kagesi ohlelweni lwesinxephezelo.Lesi sihloko sethula Izimbangela eziyisithupha zokungalingani kwamandla kagesi zihlaziywa ngokuningiliziwe, futhi izenzakalo ezahlukene ziyahlaziywa futhi kubhekwane nazo.
Amagama angukhiye: i-voltage yesistimu yesinxephezelo;ukungalingani;ukuhlaziya nokucubungula
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1 Ukukhiqizwa kokungalingani kwamandla kagesi
1.1 Amandla aphansi we-voltage yesigaba senethiwekhi engalinganisi ngenxa yedigri yesinxephezelo esingafanele kanye nawo wonke amakhoyili okucindezela i-arc ohlelweni lwesinxephezelo akha uchungechunge lwesekethi ezwakalayo ene-asymmetric voltage UHC njengomthombo wamandla, futhi i-voltage yephoyinti emaphakathi ithi:
UN=[uo/(P+jd)]·Ux
Kufomula: i-uo yi-asymmetry degree yenethiwekhi, idigri yesinxephezelo sesistimu: d izinga lokuthomalalisa lenethiwekhi, elicishe lilingane no-5%;U-U iyi-voltage yesigaba sokuphakelwa kwamandla esistimu.Kungabonakala kufomula engenhla ukuthi idigri yesinxephezelo incane, iphakamisa i-voltage yephoyinti emaphakathi.Ukuze kugcinwe i-voltage yephoyinti engathathi hlangothi ingabi phezulu kakhulu ngesikhathi sokusebenza okujwayelekile, isinxephezelo se-resonance kanye nesinxephezelo se-resonance kufanele kugwenywe ngesikhathi sokusebenza, kodwa ezimeni ezingokoqobo Nokho, kuvame ukwenzeka: ① Idigri yesinxephezelo incane kakhulu, ngenxa I-capacitor current kanye ne-inductance current ye-arc suppression coil IL=Uφ/2πfL ngenxa yokuguqulwa kwe-voltage yokusebenza nomjikelezo, kokubili i-IC ne-IL ingashintsha, ngaleyo ndlela iguqule idigri yesinxephezelo esidala.Uhlelo luyasondela noma lwakha isinxephezelo se-resonance.②Ukunikezwa kwamandla kolayini kumisiwe.Lapho u-opharetha elungisa ikhoyili yokucindezela i-arc, ubeka ngephutha isishintshi sempompi endaweni engafanele, okubangela ukugudluzwa okusobala kokungathathi hlangothi, bese kuba isenzakalo sokungalingani kwesigaba sikagesi.③Kugridi yamandla enxeshezelwe kancane, ngezinye izikhathi ngenxa yokugingqika kolayini, noma ukuphela kukagesi ngenxa yomkhawulo wamandla nokulungiswa, noma ngenxa yokufakwa kwelayini kugridi yamandla enxeshezelwe kakhulu, kuzoba nesinxephezelo esiseduze noma senze ngokungathathi hlangothi okukhulu.Iphuzu liyasuswa, futhi ukungalingani kwe-voltage yesigaba kwenzeka.
1.2 Ukungalingani kwamandla kagesi okubangelwa ukunqanyulwa kwe-PT endaweni yokuqapha i-voltage Izici zokungalingani kwamandla kagesi okubangelwa i-PT yesibili fuse kanye nokushintsha kommese okuyinhloko ukuthintana kabi noma ukusebenza okungagcwele yizi;isignali yokumisa ingase ibonakale (ukunqanyulwa okuyinhloko kwe-PT), okubangela Isibonakaliso se-voltage yesigaba esinqanyuliwe siphansi kakhulu noma akukho sibonakaliso, kodwa asikho isigaba sokukhuphuka kwe-voltage, futhi lesi senzakalo senzeka kuphela ku-transformer ethile.
1.3 Isinxephezelo sokungalingani kwe-voltage okubangelwa ukumiswa kwesigaba esisodwa sohlelo Uma isistimu ijwayelekile, i-asymmetry incane, i-voltage ayinkulu, futhi amandla ephoyinti aphakathi nendawo aseduze namandla omhlaba.Lapho isisekelo sensimbi senzeka endaweni ethile kulayini, ibha yebhasi noma impahla ephilayo, kunamandla afanayo nomhlabathi, futhi inani lamandla kagesi lezigaba ezimbili ezivamile phansi liyakhuphuka liye ku-voltage yesigaba-to-isigaba, okuholela ekususweni kwamaphuzu angathathi hlangothi.Ukumelana okuhlukile, ama-voltage ezigaba ezimbili ezijwayelekile asondele noma alingana ne-voltage yomugqa, futhi ama-amplitudes ayafana ngokuyisisekelo.Isiqondiso se-voltage ye-neutral point displacement ikulayini ofanayo oqondile njenge-voltage yesigaba saphansi, futhi isiqondiso siphambene nayo.Ubudlelwano be-phasor buboniswa kuMfanekiso 2. kubonisiwe.
1.4 Ukungalingani kwe-voltage okubangelwa ukunqanyulwa kwesigaba esisodwa somugqa kubangela ukuguqulwa kwe-asymmetric yamapharamitha kunethiwekhi ngemva kokunqanyulwa kwesigaba esisodwa, okwenza i-asymmetry inyuke kakhulu, okuholela ku-voltage enkulu yokugudluka endaweni engathathi hlangothi ye- igridi yamandla, okuholela esigabeni sesigaba sesithathu sohlelo.I-voltage yaphansi engalingani.Ngemva kokunqanyulwa kwesigaba esisodwa sohlelo, isipiliyoni esidlule ukuthi i-voltage yesigaba esinqanyuliwe iyanda futhi i-voltage yezigaba ezimbili ezivamile iyancipha.Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yomehluko esimweni sokunqanyulwa kwesigaba esisodwa, izimo zokusebenza kanye nezici ezinomthelela, isiqondiso nobukhulu be-voltage ye-neutral point displacement kanye nenkomba ye-voltage ngayinye yesigaba ukuya emhlabathini akufani;Ilingana noma ilingana, i-voltage yokunikezwa kwamandla phansi kwesigaba esinqanyuliwe iyancipha;noma i-voltage yesigaba esivamile ukuya emhlabathini iyancipha, futhi i-voltage yesigaba esinqanyuliwe kanye nesinye isigaba esivamile siya phezulu kodwa ama-amplitudes awalingani.
1.5 Ukungalingani kwamandla kagesi okubangelwa ukuhlangana kwe-inductive kwezinye izinhlelo zesinxephezelo.Imigqa emibili yezinhlelo ezimbili zesinxephezelo sokudluliswa kwamandla isondelene futhi izigaba ezihambisanayo zinde, noma lapho ukuvulwa kwesiphambano kumiswa esigxotsheni esifanayo ukuze kugcinwe ikhophi, imigqa emibili ixhunywe ochungechungeni ngamakhono phakathi kwemigqa ehambisanayo.isifunda resonant.Ukungalingani kwe-voltage yesigaba ukuya phansi kwenzeka.
1.6 Isigaba samandla kagesi esingalinganisi ngenxa yokweqisa kwe-resonance Ama-elementi amaningi angenayo i-inductive kugridi yamandla, njengama-transformer, ama-electromagnetic voltage transformer, njll., kanye nezakhi ze-capacitive zesistimu zakha amasekhethi amaningi ayinkimbinkimbi a-oscillating.Lapho ibhasi elingenalutho lishajwa, isigaba ngasinye se-electromagnetic voltage transformer kanye ne-ground capacitance yenethiwekhi yakha i-oscillation circuit ezimele, engase ibangele ukwanda kwe-voltage yezigaba ezimbili, ukwehla kwe-voltage yesigaba esisodwa noma ukungalingani kwe-voltage yesigaba esiphambene.Le resonance ye-ferromagnetic, Ivela kuphela ebhasini lamandla elilodwa kuphela lapho ishaja ibhasi elingenalutho nge-transformer ngomthombo wamandla welinye izinga likagesi.Kusistimu enezinga le-voltage, le nkinga ayikho lapho ibhasi lesiteshi esincane sesibili lishajwa ulayini oyinhloko wokudluliswa kwamandla.Ukuze ugweme ibhasi lokushaja elingenalutho, ulayini omude kufanele ushajwe ndawonye.
2 Ukwahlulela kanye nokwelashwa kokungalingani okuhlukahlukene kwamandla kagesi ekusebenzeni kohlelo
Lapho ukungalingani kwe-voltage yesigaba kwenzeka ekusebenzeni kwesistimu, iningi lazo lihambisana nezimpawu zokubeka phansi, kodwa ukungalingani kwe-voltage akukona konke okusekelwe phansi, ngakho-ke umugqa akufanele ukhethwe ngokungaboni, futhi kufanele uhlaziywe futhi wahlulelwe kusukela kulezi zici ezilandelayo:
2.1 Thola imbangela ebangeni elingalingani lamandla kagesi wesigaba
2.1.1 Uma ukungalingani kwamandla kagesi kukhawulelwe endaweni eyodwa yokuqapha futhi kungekho sigaba sokukhuphuka kwamandla kagesi, okwenza umsebenzisi angabi nampendulo yokulahlekelwa kwesigaba, isekethe yeyunithi ye-PT iyanqanyulwa.Ngalesi sikhathi, cabangela kuphela ukuthi ukuvikelwa kwengxenye ye-voltage kungasebenza kabi futhi kuthinte ukulinganisa.Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi imbangela yokungalingani kungenxa yokuxhumeka okungenakulinganisela komthwalo wesifunda esikhulu, okuholela ekuboniseni okungalingani, nokuthi kubangelwa ukwehluleka kwesikrini sokubonisa.
2.1.1 Uma ukungalingani kwamandla kagesi kwenzeka endaweni ngayinye yokuqapha amandla kagesi ohlelweni ngesikhathi esifanayo, inkomba ye-voltage yendawo ngayinye yokuqapha kufanele ihlolwe.I-voltage engalingani iyabonakala, futhi kunezigaba ezinciphayo nezigaba ezikhulayo, futhi izinkomba zephoyinti ngalinye lokuqapha ama-voltage ziyafana ngokuyisisekelo.Isimo esidala i-voltage engavamile singase sibe esikhethekile kakhulu njengokungathintani kahle kwe-busbar voltage transformer.Kungenzeka futhi ukuthi izizathu eziningana zixutshwe ndawonye.Uma imbangela yokungatholakali kahle ingatholakali, ingxenye engajwayelekile kufanele ihoxiswe ekusebenzeni futhi inikezwe izisebenzi ezinakekela isondlo ukuze zicutshungulwe.Njenge-dispatcher kanye no-opharetha, kwanele ukunquma ukuthi imbangela yokungajwayelekile ilele ekushintsheni kwe-voltage ye-busbar kanye namasekethe alandelayo, futhi ubuyisele i-voltage yesistimu evamile.Izizathu zingaba:
①Idigri yesinxephezelo ayifanele, noma ukulungiswa nokusebenza kwekhoyili yokucindezela i-arc akulungile.
②Isistimu enxeshezelwe ngaphansi, kukhona uhambo lwezingozi zolayini olunamapharamitha alinganayo.
③Uma umthwalo uphansi, imvamisa namandla kagesi ashintsha kakhulu.
4. Ngemva kwengozi engalingani njengokumisa phansi kwezinye izinhlelo zesinxephezelo, ukugudluzwa kwamaphuzu angathathi hlangothi kwesistimu kubangelwa, futhi ukungalingani kwamandla kagesi okubangelwa inkinga yesinxephezelo kufanele kulungiswe.Idigri yesinxephezelo kufanele ilungiswe.
Ngokungalingani kwamandla kagesi okubangelwa ukuchezuka kolayini wegridi yamandla ekusebenzeni okunganxeshezelwa kahle, kuyadingeka ukuzama ukuguqula idigri yesinxephezelo futhi ulungise ikhoyili yokucindezela i-arc.Uma umthwalo kunethiwekhi usendaweni yokudoba, ukungalingani kwe-voltage kwenzeka lapho umjikelezo kanye ne-voltage ikhuphuka, futhi ikhoyili yokucindezela i-arc ingalungiswa ngemva kokuba ukungalingani kunyamalala ngokwemvelo.Njenge-dispatcher, kufanele wazi kahle lezi zici ukuze wahlulele ngokunembile futhi ubhekane ngokushesha nokungajwayelekile okuhlukahlukene okungenzeka ngesikhathi sokusebenza.Ukwahlulela kwesici esisodwa kulula, futhi ukwahlulela nokucutshungulwa kokungajwayelekile kwamandla kagesi okubangelwa iphutha elihlanganisiwe lezimo ezimbili noma ngaphezulu kuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu.Isibonelo, ukubeka phansi kwesigaba esisodwa noma i-resonance kuvame ukuhambisana nokuvunguza kwe-fuse yamandla kagesi aphezulu kanye nokuvunguza kwe-fuse ene-voltage ephansi.Uma i-fuse yamandla kagesi aphezulu ingavuthelwanga ngokuphelele, ukuthi isignali yaphansi iyathunyelwa noma cha kuncike enanini lesibili lokusetha i-voltage yesiginali yokubeka phansi kanye nezinga le-fuse ephephethwayo.Uma sibheka ekusebenzeni kwangempela, lapho i-voltage ingavamile, isifunda sesibili ngokuvamile singavamile.Ngalesi sikhathi, noma ngabe izinga le-voltage namasignali aphansi athunyelwa ngaphandle, inani lesithenjwa alilikhulu.Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthola umthetho wophenyo futhi ubhekane ne-voltage engavamile.
2.2 Ukwahlulela imbangela ngokobukhulu besigaba sikagesi esingalingani.Isibonelo, ukungalingani kwe-voltage yesigaba esingathi sína kwenzeka esiteshini esingaphansi ngasinye ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwesistimu, okubonisa ukuthi kukhona ukumiswa kwesigaba esisodwa noma ukunqanyulwa kwesigaba esisodwa kulayini oyinhloko kunethiwekhi, futhi iphuzu ngalinye lokuqapha i-voltage kufanele liphenywe ngokushesha.Ngokwenkomba ye-voltage yesigaba ngasinye, yenza isinqumo esibanzi.Uma kuyisisekelo esilula sesigaba esisodwa, ungakhetha umugqa ozowucinga ngokuya ngokulandelana okukhethiwe kokukhetha umugqa.Khetha kuqala kusukela ekuphumeni kwesiteshi samandla, okungukuthi, ngemva kokukhetha isiqu esiphansi ngokuvumelana nomgomo othi "impande kuqala, bese uthiphu", bese ukhetha isigaba sokumisa ezigabeni.
2.3 Ukwahlulela izizathu ngokusekelwe ekushintsheni kokusebenza kwemishini yesistimu ① Okungavamile kwenzeka esigabeni esithile sokuphenduka kwezigaba ezintathu ze-transformer, bese kulethwa i-voltage yamandla asymmetric.② Ulayini wokudlulisela mude, isigaba esiphambanayo somqhubi asilingani, futhi i-impedance nokwehla kwe-voltage kuhlukile, okuholela ku-voltage engalingani yesigaba ngasinye.③ Amandla nokukhanyisa kuyaxutshwa futhi kwabelwana ngakho, futhi kunemithwalo eminingi yesigaba esisodwa, efana nemishini yasendlini, izithando zikagesi, imishini yokushisela, njll. kugxile kakhulu esigabeni esisodwa noma ezimbili, okuholela ekusabalaliseni okungalingani komthwalo wamandla kwesinye nesinye. isigaba, okwenza i-voltage yokuphakelwa kwamandla kanye namanje kungahambisani.ibhalansi.
Ukufingqa, ekusebenzeni kohlelo oluncane lwamanje lokumisa phansi (uhlelo lwesinxephezelo) olusekelwe ikhoyili yokucindezela i-arc, ukwenzeka kwesigaba sokungalingani kwe-voltage kwenzeka ngezikhathi ezithile, futhi ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukahlukene, izinga nezici zokungalingani nakho kuyenzeka. ezahlukene.Kodwa isimo esijwayelekile siwukuthi igridi yamandla isebenza esimweni esingavamile, futhi ukwanda, ukuncipha noma ukulahlekelwa kwesigaba se-voltage yesigaba kuzothinta ukusebenza okuphephile kwemishini yegridi yamandla kanye nokukhiqizwa komsebenzisi ngamazinga ahlukahlukene.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Aug-29-2022