I-UHV inokuphucula kakhulu umthamo wothumelo lwegridi yamandla yelizwe lam.Ngokweenkcukacha ezinikezelwe yiState Grid Corporation yaseTshayina, igridi yamandla ye-UHV DC yesekethe yokuqala inokusasaza i-6 yezigidi zeekilowatts zombane, elilingana ne-5 ukuya ku-6 ngokuphindwe ka-5 kombane okhoyo we-500 kV DC, kunye umgama transmission amandla kwakhona 2 ukuba 3 amaxesha ukuba yokugqibela.Ngoko ke, ukusebenza kakuhle kuphuculwe kakhulu.Ukongezelela, ngokwezibalo ze-State Grid Corporation yaseChina, ukuba ukuhanjiswa kwamandla kwamandla afanayo kuyenziwa, ukusetyenziswa kwemigca ye-UHV kunokugcina i-60% yemithombo yomhlaba xa kuthelekiswa nokusetyenziswa kwe-500 kV imigca ye-voltage ephezulu. .
Iinguqu zizixhobo ezibalulekileyo kwizityalo zamandla kunye nezikhululo ezincinci.Zinempembelelo ebalulekileyo kumgangatho wonikezelo lwamandla kunye nokuzinza kwenkqubo yokusebenza kwamandla.Ii-ultra-high voltage transformers zibiza kakhulu kwaye zinoxanduva olunzima lokusebenza.Ke ngoko, kubaluleke kakhulu ukomeleza uphando malunga nokuphatha iimpazamo zabo.
I-transformer yintliziyo yenkqubo yamandla.Kubaluleke kakhulu ukugcina kunye nokugqithisa i-transformer ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuzinzileyo kwenkqubo yamandla.Kule mihla, inkqubo yamandla yelizwe lam ihlala ikhula kwicala lamandla ombane aphezulu kunye nomthamo omkhulu.Ukugutyungelwa kunye nomthamo wothungelwano lonikezelo lwamandla luyanda ngokuthe ngcembe, nto leyo eyenza ukuba iziguquli ziphuhlise ngokuthe ngcembe kwicala lamandla ombane aphezulu kunye nomthamo omkhulu.Nangona kunjalo, inqanaba eliphezulu le-transformer, likhulu amathuba okusilela, kunye nomonakalo omkhulu obangelwa ukusilela komsebenzi we-transformer.Ngoko ke, uhlalutyo lokungaphumeleli, ukugcinwa kunye nokulungiswa kweenguqu ze-ultra-high kunye nokulawulwa kwemihla ngemihla kubalulekile ekukhuthazeni ukuzinza kunye nokhuseleko lwenkqubo yamandla.Ukunyuka kubalulekile.
Uhlahlelo lweFault eqhelekileyo oonobangela oonobangela
Iimpazamo ze-ultra-high voltage transformer zihlala zinzima.Ukuxilonga ngokuchanekileyo iimpazamo ze-transformer, kufuneka uqale uqonde izizathu eziqhelekileyo ezibangelwa ngabaguquli:
1. Ukuphazamiseka komgca
Ukuphazamiseka komgca, okwabizwa ngokuba yi-line inrush current, ngoyena nobangela uxhaphakileyo wempazamo ye-transformer.Kubangelwa ukuvala umbane ogqithisileyo, i-voltage peak, impazamo yomgca, i-flashover kunye nezinye izinto ezingaqhelekanga ekuhanjisweni nasekusasazeni.
2. Ukuguga kwe-insulation
Ngokwezibalo, ukuguga kwe-insulation yimbangela yesibini yokungaphumeleli kwe-transformer.Ukuguga kwe-insulation kuya kunciphisa kakhulu ubomi benkonzo yabaguquli kwaye kubangele ukusilela kwe-transformer.Idatha ibonisa ukuba ukuguga kwe-insulation kuya kunciphisa ubomi benkonzo yabaguquli kunye nobomi benkonzo ye-35 ukuya kwi-40 iminyaka.umyinge wafinyezwa kwiminyaka engama-20.
3. Ukugcwala
Ukugqithiswa kubhekiselele ekusebenzeni kwexesha elide le-transformer ngamandla adlula i-nameplate.Le meko ihlala isenzeka kwizityalo zamandla kunye namasebe okusetyenziswa kwamandla.Njengoko ixesha lokusebenza okugqithisiweyo lisanda, ubushushu bokufakelwa bunyuka ngokuthe ngcembe, obukhawulezisa ukusebenza kwe-insulation.Ukuguga kwamacandelo, ukuguga kwenxalenye ye-insulating, kunye nokunciphisa amandla kulula ukonakalisa iimpembelelo zangaphandle, okubangelwa ukungaphumeleli kwe-transformer.
4. Ufakelo olungafanelekanga.Ayifanelekanga
Ukukhethwa kwezixhobo zokukhusela kunye nokusebenza ngokungaqhelekanga kokhuseleko kuya kubangela iingozi ezifihlakeleyo zokungaphumeleli kwe-transformer.Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukungaphumeleli kwe-transformer okubangelwa ukukhetha okungafanelekanga kwezixhobo zokukhusela umbane, ukufakwa okungafanelekanga kwee-relays zokukhusela kunye neesekethe zesekethe zixhaphake.
5. Engafanelekanga
ukugcinwa Akukho zintsilelo ezimbalwa ze-ultra-high ezibangelwa kulondolozo olungafanelekanga lwemihla ngemihla.Ngokomzekelo, ukugcinwa okungafanelekanga kubangela ukuba i-transformer ibe nomswakama;Ukugcinwa kwempompo yeoli ephantsi kwamanzi ayikafiki ngexesha, kubangela ukuba i-powder yethusi ixutywe kwi-transformer kunye nomoya wokufunxa kwindawo yoxinzelelo olubi;iingcingo ezingalunganga;uxhulumaniso olukhululekile kunye nokuveliswa kobushushu;Umtshintshi wempompo awukho endaweni, njl.
6. Ukuveliswa kakubi
Nangona iimpazamo ze-ultra-high ezibangelwa umgangatho wenkqubo ophantsi ziyinani elincinci kuphela, iimpazamo ezibangelwa sesi sizathu zihlala zibi kakhulu kwaye ziyingozi.Umzekelo, iziphelo zocingo oluxekethileyo, iipads ezikhululekileyo, i-welding engalunganga, ukuchasana kwesekethe ephantsi, njl.
Ukumiselwa kweempazamo kunye nonyango
1. Iimeko zeempazamo A
i-transformer ine-voltage elinganisiwe ye- (345 ± 8) × 1.25kV / 121kV / 35kV, umthamo olinganisiweyo we-240MVA / 240MVA / 72MVA, kwaye i-transformer ephambili ibisebenza ngokuzinzileyo kwixesha elidlulileyo.Ngenye imini, uhlalutyo lwesiqhelo lweoyile yechromatographic ye-transformer ephambili lwenziwa, kwaye kwafunyaniswa ukuba umxholo we-acetylene kwi-oyile ekhuselayo ye-transformer body eyi-2.3 μl / l, ngoko ke iisampuli zathathwa kabini emva kwemini nangokuhlwa. ngosuku olufanayo ukuqinisekisa ukuba umxholo we-acetylene weoli ye-transformer yomzimba kwesi sigaba uye wanda kakhulu.Ngokukhawuleza kwabonisa ukuba kukho into yokukhutshwa ngaphakathi kwe-transformer, ngoko ke i-transformer engundoqo yavalwa ngentsasa yosuku olulandelayo.
2. Unyango lwendawo
Ukuze unqume ubunjani bempazamo ye-transformer kunye nendawo yokukhutshwa, uhlalutyo olulandelayo lwenziwa:
I-1) Indlela ye-Pulse yangoku, ngovavanyo lwangoku lwe-pulse, kwafunyaniswa ukuba ngokunyuka kwe-voltage yokuvavanya kunye nokunyuka kwexesha lokuvavanya, amandla okukhupha inxalenye ye-transformer anda kakhulu.Umbane wokuqalisa ukukhutshwa kunye nombane wokucima uyancipha ngokuthe ngcembe njengoko uvavanyo luqhubeka;
2) Umlinganiselo wokukhupha i-spectrum.Ngokuhlalutya umzobo ofunyenweyo, kunokumiselwa ukuba inxalenye yokukhupha i-transformer ingaphakathi kwi-winding;
3) Ukubekwa kwe-Ultrasonic yokukhutshwa kwenxalenye.Ngokusebenzisa iimvavanyo ezininzi zokukhutshwa kwe-ultrasonic yendawo, inzwa iqokelele iimpawu ezibuthathaka kunye nezingazinzanga kakhulu ze-ultrasonic xa i-voltage iphezulu, ebonise kwakhona ukuba indawo yokukhupha kufuneka ibekwe ngaphakathi kwendawo yokuvala;
4) Uvavanyo lwe-oyile chromatography.Emva kovavanyo lokukhupha inxalenye, iqhekeza le-acetylene liye lanyuka laya kwi-231.44 × 10-6, ebonisa ukuba kukho ukukhutshwa okunamandla kwe-arc ngaphakathi kwe-transformer ngexesha lovavanyo lokukhupha inxalenye.
3. Ukungaphumeleli uhlalutyo lwesizathu
Ngokohlalutyo lwendawo, kukholelwa ukuba izizathu zokungaphumeleli kokukhupha zimi ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:
1) Ikhadibhodi yokugquma.Ukucutshungulwa kwekhadibhodi ye-insulating kunomlinganiselo othile wokusabalalisa, ngoko ke i-cardboard ye-insulating ineziphene ezithile zomgangatho, kwaye ukuhanjiswa kwendawo yombane kuyatshintshwa ngexesha lokusetyenziswa;
2) Umda we-insulation wesikrini se-electrostatic yekhoyili elawula amandla ombane ayanelanga.Ukuba i-radius ye-curvature incinci kakhulu, i-voltage equalization effect ayifanelekanga, eya kubangela ukuchithwa kokukhutshwa kwesi sikhundla;
3) Ulondolozo lwemihla ngemihla alucokisiyo.Izixhobo ezimanzi, isipontshi kunye nezinye i-debris nazo sesinye sezizathu zokungaphumeleli kokukhutshwa.
Ukulungiswa kwe-transformer
uthathe la manyathelo okugcina alandelayo ukuze kupheliswe impazamo yokukhupha:
I-1) Iindawo ezonakalisiweyo kunye nokuguga kwe-insulation yatshintshwa, kwaye indawo yokuqhawula i-coil ye-low-voltage kunye ne-coil yokulawula i-voltage yalungiswa, ngaloo ndlela iphucula amandla okukhusela apho.Kuphephe ukuqhekeka okubangelwa kukuphuma.Ngexesha elifanayo, ngokuqwalasela ukuba i-insulation engundoqo nayo yonakaliswe kwinqanaba elithile ngexesha lokuchithwa kwenkqubo, yonke into ephambili yokudibanisa phakathi kwe-coil low-voltage kunye ne-coil yokulawula i-voltage ithathelwe indawo;
2) Susa izibophelelo zentambo ye-equipotential yesikrini se-electrostatic.Vula, susa i-chestnut yamanzi ephumayo, ukwandisa i-radius ye-curvature yekona kwaye ubophe i-insulation, ukwenzela ukunciphisa amandla entsimi;
3) Ngokweemfuno zenkqubo ye-330kV i-transformer, umzimba we-transformer uhlanjululwe ngokucokisekileyo-i-oyile kwaye yomiswa ngaphandle kwesigaba.Uvavanyo lokukhupha inxalenye ethile kufuneka lwenziwe kwakhona, kwaye lunokubizwa kwaye luqhutywe kuphela emva kokuphumelela uvavanyo.Ukongezelela, ukwenzela ukuba ugweme ukuphindaphinda kweziphene zokukhutshwa, ukugcinwa kwansuku zonke kunye nokulawulwa kweenguqu kufuneka kuqiniswe, kwaye iimvavanyo ze-chromatography yeoli kufuneka zenziwe rhoqo ukuze kubonwe iimpazamo ngexesha kunye nokuqonda iimeko zabo ezithile.Xa iziphene zifunyenwe, iindlela ezahlukeneyo zobugcisa kufuneka zisetyenziswe ukugweba imeko yendawo yephutha kwaye kuthathe amanyathelo okulungisa ngexesha elifanelekileyo.
Ukushwankathela, izizathu ezigwenxa zoguqulo lwamandla aphezulu kakhulu zintsonkothile, kwaye iindlela ezahlukeneyo zobugcisa kufuneka zisetyenziselwe isigwebo sempazamo ngexesha lonyango lwendawo, kwaye izizathu zempazamo kufuneka zihlalutywe ngokweenkcukacha.Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba i-ultra-high voltage transformers zibiza kwaye kunzima ukuyigcina.Ukuze ugweme ukungaphumeleli, ukugcinwa kunye nokulawulwa kwemihla ngemihla kufuneka kwenziwe kakuhle ukunciphisa amathuba okuba kusilela.
Ixesha lokuposa: Nov-26-2022