Iingcingo kunye neentambo zimveliso zocingo ezisetyenziselwa ukuhambisa amandla ombane (magnetic), ulwazi kunye nokuqonda uguqulo lwamandla ombane.Ucingo oluqhelekileyo kunye nekhebula likwabizwa ngokuba yintambo, kwaye i-cable-sense-sense cable ibhekisela kwikhebula le-insulated, elinokuthi lichazwe njenge: i-aggregate eyakhiwe ngamacandelo alandelayo;i-cores enye okanye ngaphezulu, kunye nezigqubuthelo zazo ezinokwenzeka, umaleko okhuselayo opheleleyo kunye ne-sheath yangaphandle, intambo inokuba nayo i-conductor ezongezelelweyo ezingafakwanga.
Iimveliso zomzimba ezingenanto:
Iimpawu eziphambili zolu hlobo lweemveliso zezi: intsimbi ye-conductor ecocekileyo, ngaphandle kokugquma kunye ne-sheath layers, njenge-steel-core aluminium stranded iingcingo, iibhasi ze-copper-aluminium, iingcingo zombane zombane, njl.iteknoloji yokucubungula ubukhulu becala ukucutshungulwa koxinzelelo, njenge-smelting, i-calendering, umzobo Iimveliso zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwi-suburban, kwimimandla yasemaphandleni, imigca ephambili yomsebenzisi, iikhabhinethi zokutshintsha, njl.
Iimpawu eziphambili zolu hlobo lwemveliso zezi: ukukhupha (i-winding) i-insulating layer ngaphandle kwe-conductor, njengeentambo ezifakwe phezulu, okanye ii-cores ezininzi eziphothiweyo (ezihambelana nesigaba, iingcingo ezingathathi hlangothi kunye nomhlaba wenkqubo yamandla), njengeentambo ezigqunyiweyo ezingaphezulu kwesibini, okanye ukongeza umaleko webhatyi, njengeplastiki/intambo yerabha ekhuselweyo kunye nentambo.Iiteknoloji eziphambili zenkqubo yokuzoba, i-stranding, i-insulation extrusion (ukusonga), i-cabling, i-armoring kunye ne-sheath extrusion, njl. Kukho iiyantlukwano ezithile ekudityanisweni kweenkqubo ezahlukeneyo zeemveliso ezahlukeneyo.
Iimveliso zisetyenziswa ikakhulu ekuhanjisweni kwamandla ombane awomeleleyo ekuveliseni umbane, ukusasazwa, ukuhanjiswa, ukuguqulwa kunye neentambo zonikezelo lwamandla, kunye nemisinga emikhulu (amashumi e-amps ukuya kumawaka e-amps) kunye nombane ophezulu (220V ukuya kwi-35kV nangaphezulu).
Intambo emcaba:
Iimpawu eziphambili zolu hlobo lweemveliso zezi: uluhlu olubanzi lweendidi kunye neenkcukacha, uluhlu olubanzi lwezicelo, ukusetyenziswa kwamandla ombane we-1kV nangaphantsi, kunye neemveliso ezintsha zihlala zivela ebusweni bezihlandlo ezikhethekileyo, ezifana nomlilo- iintambo ezikwaziyo ukumelana nedangatye, iintambo ezingatshiyo, ihalogen engenamsi ophantsi / iphantsi Umsi kunye neentambo zehalogen eziphantsi, iintambo ezingangenwa ziintubi, iintambo ezingangenwa yimpuku, ukumelana neoli/ukubanda/akwazi ukumelana nobushushu/iintambo zokunganxibi, zonyango/ iintambo zezolimo/zemigodi, iingcingo ezibhityileyo, njl.
Iintambo zonxibelelwano kunye neentsinga zamehlo:
Ngokukhula ngokukhawuleza kweshishini lonxibelelwano, ukusuka kwiintambo ezilula zemfonomfono nezetelegraph kwixesha langaphambili ukuya kutsho kumawakawaka eentambo zelizwi, iintambo zecoaxial, iintambo zokukhanya, iintambo zedatha, kwaneentambo zonxibelelwano ezidityanisiweyo.Ubungakanani besakhiwo seemveliso ezinjalo ngokuqhelekileyo zincinci kwaye zifana, kwaye ukuchaneka kokuvelisa kuphezulu.
ucingo olujikajikayo
I-winding wire yintsimbi yensimbi eqhubayo kunye ne-insulating layer, esetyenziselwa ukwenza iikhoyili okanye i-windings yeemveliso zombane.Xa isebenza, intsimi yamagnetic yenziwa ngoku, okanye i-current induced iveliswa ngokusika umgca wamagnetic wamandla ukuze uqonde ukuguqulwa kwamandla ombane kunye namandla ombane, ngoko ke ibe yintambo ye-electromagnetic.
Ubuninzi beemveliso zocingo kunye neentambo zimveliso ezinobumba obunqamlekileyo (i-cross-section) imilo (ukungahoywa kweempazamo ezibangelwa yimveliso) kunye neentambo ezide, ezibangelwa iimpawu ezisetyenziselwa ukwenza imigca okanye iikhoyili kwiinkqubo okanye izixhobo.isigqibo.Ngoko ke, ukufunda kunye nokuhlalutya ukubunjwa kwesakhiwo seemveliso zekhebula, kuyimfuneko kuphela ukujonga kunye nokuhlalutya kwi-cross-section yayo.
Izinto zesakhiwo socingo kunye neemveliso zentambo zinokwahlulwa ngokubanzi zibe ngamacandelo amane angundoqo: ii-conductor, i-insulating layers, ikhuselo kunye ne-sheathing, kunye nezinto zokuzalisa kunye ne-tensile elements.Ngokweemfuno zokusetyenziswa kunye nokusetyenziswa kweemveliso, ezinye iimveliso zinezakhiwo ezilula kakhulu.
2. Izinto zekhebula
Ngandlela ithile, ishishini lokuvelisa ucingo kunye nentambo lishishini lokugqiba izinto kunye nokuhlanganisa.Okokuqala, inani lezinto eziphathekayo likhulu, kwaye ixabiso lezinto eziphathekayo kwiimveliso zentambo zenza i-80-90% yeendleko zokuvelisa;okwesibini, kukho iintlobo ezininzi kunye neentlobo zezinto ezisetyenziswayo, kwaye iimfuno zokusebenza ziphezulu kakhulu.Ngokomzekelo, ubhedu lwabaqhubi lufuna ukucoceka kobhedu ngaphezu kwe-99.95%, ezinye iimveliso kufuneka zisebenzise i-oxygen-free high-purity copper;okwesithathu, ukukhethwa kwezinto eziphathekayo kuya kuba nefuthe eliqinisekileyo kwinkqubo yokuvelisa, ukusebenza kwemveliso kunye nobomi benkonzo.
Kwangaxeshanye, izibonelelo zamashishini okuvelisa iingcingo kunye neentambo zikwanxulunyaniswa ngokusondeleyo nokuba izinto zingagcinwa ngokwesayensi ekukhetheni izinto, ekusetyenzweni nasekulawuleni imveliso.
Ngoko ke, xa uqulunqa ucingo kunye neemveliso zentambo, kufuneka ziqhutywe ngexesha elifanayo nokukhethwa kwezinto eziphathekayo.Ngokubanzi, izixhobo ezininzi zikhethwa kwaye zimiselwe emva kwenkqubo kunye novavanyo lokuhlola ukusebenza.
Izinto eziphathekayo zeemveliso zekhebula zinokwahlulwa zibe zizixhobo zokuqhuba, izinto zokugquma, izinto zokuzalisa, izinto zokukhusela, izixhobo ze-sheath, njl. ngokubhekiselele kumacandelo kunye nemisebenzi yazo.Kodwa ezinye zezi zixhobo ziqhelekileyo kwiindawo ezininzi zesakhiwo.Ngokukodwa, izixhobo ze-thermoplastic, ezifana ne-polyvinyl chloride, i-polyethylene, njl., zingasetyenziselwa ukugquma okanye ukukhupha i-sheathing nje ukuba ezinye zezixhobo zokwenziwa zitshintshiwe.
Izinto ezisetyenziselwa ukuveliswa kweemveliso zekhebula zibandakanya uluhlu olubanzi lweendidi, kwaye kukho iintlobo ezininzi kunye neenkcukacha (iimpawu).
3. Igama kunye nezinto zesakhiwo semveliso
(1) Ucingo: eyona nto isisiseko kunye neyona nto ibalulekileyo yemveliso ukwenza umsebenzi wokuhanjiswa kolwazi lwangoku okanye lwe-electromagnetic wave.
Izinto eziphambili: Ucingo sisishunqulelo se-conditive wire core.Yenziwe ngeentsimbi ezingenayo i-ferrous ene-conductivity egqwesileyo yombane efana nobhedu, i-aluminiyam, i-copper-clad iron, i-copper-clad aluminium, njl., kunye ne-fiber optical isetyenziswa njengocingo.
Kukho ucingo olungenanto lobhedu, ucingo olufakwe inkonkxa;ucingo olunye lwesebe, ucingo oluphothiweyo;ucingo olufakwe kwitoti emva kokujija.
(2) Umaleko we-Insulation: Lilungu elijikeleza iperiphery yocingo kwaye lidlala indima yokugquma umbane.Oko kukuthi, inokuqinisekisa ukuba i-exmitted current okanye i-electromagnetic wave kunye ne-wave yokukhanya ihamba kuphela ngocingo kwaye ayiqhubeki ngaphandle, kwaye inokwenzeka kwi-conductor (oko kukuthi, umahluko okhoyo owenziwe kwizinto ezijikelezileyo, oko kukuthi, i-voltage) ingaba yodwa, oko kukuthi, kuyimfuneko ukuqinisekisa ukuhanjiswa okuqhelekileyo kocingo.umsebenzi, kodwa nokuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwezinto zangaphandle kunye nabantu.I-conductor kunye ne-insulating layer ngamacandelo amabini asisiseko ekufuneka abenawo ukwenza iimveliso zentambo (ngaphandle kweengcingo ezingenanto).
Izinto eziphambili: PVC, PE, XLPE, polypropylene PP, fluoroplastic F, irabha, iphepha, tape mica
(3) Ukuzalisa isakhiwo: Iimveliso ezininzi zeengcingo kunye neentambo zine-multi-core.Emva kokuba ezi cores ezigqunyiweyo okanye izibini zifakwe kwikheyibhile (okanye zidityaniswe kwiintambo amaxesha amaninzi), enye kukuba imilo ayingqukuva, kwaye enye kukuba kukho izikhewu phakathi kwee-cores ezigqunyiweyo.Kukho i-gap enkulu, ngoko ke isakhiwo sokuzalisa kufuneka songezwe ngexesha le-cabling.Isakhiwo sokuzalisa kukwenza ububanzi bangaphandle be-cabling bujikeleze ngokulinganayo, ukwenzela ukuba kube lula ukusonga kunye nokukhupha i-sheath.
Izinto eziphambili: intambo yePP
(4) Ukukhusela: Lilungu elihlukanisa intsimi ye-electromagnetic kwimveliso yentambo ukusuka kwintsimi ye-electromagnetic yangaphandle;ezinye iimveliso zeentambo zifuna ukwahlulwa omnye komnye phakathi kweeperi ezahlukeneyo zocingo (okanye amaqela ocingo) ngaphakathi.Kunokuthiwa umaleko okhuselayo luhlobo lwe "electromagnetic isolation screen".Ukukhusela i-conductor kunye ne-insulating shielding ye-high-voltage cables ku-homogenize ukuhanjiswa kwendawo yombane.
Iimathiriyeli eziphambili: ucingo lobhedu olungenanto, ucingo lwentsimbi oluhonjiswe ngobhedu, ucingo olufakwe enkonkxiweyo
(5) I-Sheath: Xa iimveliso zocingo kunye neentambo zifakwe kwaye zisebenza kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo, kufuneka zibe namacandelo akhusela imveliso xa iyonke, ngakumbi i-insulating layer, eyi-sheath.
Ngenxa yokuba izinto zokugquma zifunwa ukuba zibeneempawu ezigqwesileyo zokugquma umbane, kufuneka zibe nobunyulu obuphezulu kakhulu kunye nomxholo wobumdaka obuncinci;ngokufuthi abanako ukuthathela ingqalelo amandla abo okukhusela ihlabathi langaphandle.) Ukuthwala okanye ukuxhathisa amandla omatshini ahlukeneyo, ukuchasana nokusingqongileyo kwe-atmospheric, ukuchasana neekhemikhali okanye i-oyile, ukuthintela umonakalo webhayoloji, kunye nokunciphisa iingozi zomlilo kufuneka zenziwe ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo ze-sheath.
Izinto eziphambili: i-PVC, i-PE, irabha, i-aluminiyam, ibhanti lentsimbi
(6) I-Tensile element: ulwakhiwo oluqhelekileyo yintsimbi engundoqo ye-aluminiyam ephothiweyo ngocingo, intambo yefiber optical njalo njalo.Ngelizwi, i-tensile element idlala indima enkulu kwiimveliso ezikhethekileyo ezincinci kunye nezithambileyo ezifuna ukugoba kunye nokujija.
Ubume bophuhliso:
Nangona imveliso yocingo kunye nentambo ilishishini elixhasayo kuphela, lithatha i-1/4 yexabiso lemveliso yoshishino lombane lwaseTshayina.Ineentlobo ngeentlobo zeemveliso kunye noluhlu olubanzi lwezicelo, ezibandakanya amandla, ulwakhiwo, unxibelelwano, ukuvelisa kunye namanye amashishini, kwaye inxulumene ngokusondeleyo kuwo onke amacandelo oqoqosho lwesizwe.Iingcingo kunye neentambo zikwabizwa ngokuba zii-"arteries" kunye "nemithambo-luvo" yoqoqosho lwelizwe.Zizixhobo ezisisiseko eziyimfuneko zokuhambisa amandla ombane, ukuhambisa ulwazi, kunye nokuvelisa iinjini ezahlukeneyo, izixhobo, kunye neemitha ukuqonda uguqulo lwamandla ombane.iimveliso ezisisiseko eziyimfuneko kuluntu.
Umzi-mveliso wengcingo kunye nentambo lishishini lesibini ngobukhulu e-China emva kweshishini leemoto, kunye nenqanaba lokwaneliseka kwemveliso kunye nesabelo semarike yasekhaya zombini zidlula i-90%.Ehlabathini lonke, ixabiso lilonke lemveliso yaseTshayina yocingo kunye nentambo yocingo lingaphezulu kwelase-United States, ibe lelona xabiso likhulu ehlabathini lokuvelisa ucingo kunye neentambo.Ngophuhliso olukhawulezayo lweshishini laseTshayina kunye nentambo, inani leenkampani ezintsha liyaqhubeka nokunyuka, kwaye inqanaba lobugcisa beshishini liphuculwe kakhulu.
Ukususela ngoJanuwari ukuya kuNovemba ka-2007, ixabiso lilonke lemveliso yemveliso yocingo kunye noshishino lwentambo yokwenziwa kwentambo yaseTshayina yafikelela kuma-476,742,526 amawaka eYuan, ukwanda ngama-34.64% kwithuba elifanayo lonyaka ophelileyo;ingeniso yentengiso yemveliso eqokelelweyo yayingama-457,503,436 amawaka eyuan, ukwanda ngama-33.70% kwithuba elifanayo lonyaka ophelileyo;Iyonke inzuzo yayiyi-18,808,301 lamawaka eyuan, ukwanda kwe-32.31% ngexesha elifanayo lonyaka odlulileyo.
Ukususela ngoJanuwari ukuya kuMeyi ka-2008, ixabiso lilonke lemveliso yemveliso yocingo kunye nentambo yokwenziwa kwentambo yaseTshayina ibe ngama-241,435,450,000 yuan, ukwanda ngama-26.47% kwisithuba esifanayo sonyaka ophelileyo;ingeniso yentengiso yemveliso eqokelelweyo yayingama-227,131,384,000 yuan, ukwanda ngama-26.26% kwithuba elifanayo lonyaka ophelileyo;iyonke inzuzo eqokelelweyo yafunyanwa 8,519,637,000 yuan, ukwanda kwe-26.55% kwithuba elifanayo lonyaka odlulileyo.NgoNovemba ka-2008, ukuphendula kwintlekele yezemali yehlabathi, urhulumente waseTshayina wagqiba ekubeni atyale i-4 yetriliyoni ye-yuan ukunyusa imfuno yasekhaya, apho ngaphezu kwe-40% yasetyenziselwa ukwakhiwa kunye nokulungiswa kweegridi zamandla ezidolophini nasezilalini.Ishishini lesizwe locingo kunye nentambo linelinye ithuba elihle lemarike, kwaye iinkampani zeengcingo kunye neentambo kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zithatha ithuba lokwamkela umjikelo omtsha wokwakhiwa kwegridi yamandla ezidolophini nasezilalini kunye nenguqu.
Unyaka wama-2012 odlulileyo ibingumgubasi kushishino lwaseTshayina lweentambo neentambo.Ngenxa yokucotha kokukhula kwe-GDP, ingxaki yezemali yehlabathi, kunye nohlengahlengiso lobume boqoqosho lwangaphakathi, iinkampani zeentambo zasekhaya bezisoloko zingasetyenziswanga kunye nomthamo ogqithisileyo.Imizi-mveliso ixhalabile ngenxa yokuvalwa kwayo.Ngokufika kuka-2013, ishishini laseTshayina leentambo kunye neentambo liza kuzisa amathuba amatsha oshishino kunye neemarike.
Ukusukela ngo-2012, imarike yeentambo zehlabathi kunye neentambo zentambo zigqithise kwi-100 yeebhiliyoni zeeyuro.Kwishishini lehlabathi le-wire kunye ne-cable, i-Asia market account 37%, i-European market isondele kwi-30%, i-akhawunti yaseMelika i-24%, kunye nezinye iimarike ze-9%.Phakathi kwazo, nangona i-China i-wire kunye ne-cable industry idlala indima engenakuphinda ithathelwe indawo kushishino lwe-wire kunye ne-cable yehlabathi, kwaye kwangoko ngo-2011, ixabiso lemveliso yeenkampani ze-wire kunye neentambo ze-cable zigqithise e-United States, zibekwe kwindawo yokuqala emhlabeni.Kodwa ngokwembono yenjongo, xa kuthelekiswa noshishino lweentambo kunye neentambo eYurophu nase-United States, ilizwe lam lisekwimeko enkulu kodwa engenamandla, kwaye kusekho umsantsa omkhulu owaziwayo ngocingo lwangaphandle kunye neebrendi zentambo. .
Ngo-2011, ixabiso lentengiso yemveliso yocingo kunye nentambo yoshishino lwaseTshayina yafikelela kwi-1,143.8 yeebhiliyoni zeeyuan, yagqitha kwitriliyoni enye yeyuan okokuqala, ukwanda ngama-28.3%, kunye nenzuzo iyonke ye-yuan yeebhiliyoni ezingama-68.Ngo-2012, ixabiso lentengiso yoshishino lweentambo zesizwe ukususela ngoJanuwari ukuya kuJulayi lalingama-671.5 eebhiliyoni zeeyuan, inzuzo iyonke yayiyi-yuan eyi-28.1 yeebhiliyoni, kwaye inzuzo ephakathi yayiyi-4.11% kuphela..
Ukongeza, ngokwembono yesikali se-asethi yeshishini leentambo zaseTshayina, i-asethi yoshishino lweentambo zaseTshayina yafikelela kwi-790.499 yeebhiliyoni zeeyuan ngowama-2012, ukwanda nge-12.20% unyaka nonyaka.I-East China ibala ngaphezu kwe-60% yelizwe, kwaye igcina ukhuphiswano oluqinileyo kuyo yonke imveliso yocingo kunye nentambo yokuvelisa.[1]
Ukukhula okuqhubekayo nokukhawulezayo koqoqosho lwaseTshayina lubonelele ngesithuba esikhulu semarike yeemveliso zentambo.Isilingo esinamandla semarike yaseTshayina senze ukuba ihlabathi ligxile kwimarike yaseTshayina.Kumashumi eminyaka amafutshane ohlaziyo kunye nokuvula, ishishini lokwenziwa kweentambo zaseTshayina linomthamo omkhulu wemveliso owenziweyo uchukumise ihlabathi.Ngokwandiswa okuqhubekayo kweshishini lamandla ombane eTshayina, ishishini lonxibelelwano lwedatha, ishishini lokuhamba ngololiwe ezidolophini, ishishini leemoto, ukwakha iinqanawa kunye namanye amashishini, imfuno yeengcingo kunye neentambo nayo iya kwanda ngokukhawuleza, kwaye ishishini leentambo kunye nentambo linamandla amakhulu ophuhliso kwimveliso. kwixesha elizayo.Ngocingo lwaseTshayina kunye neNgxelo yoVavanyo lweNtengiso yoShishino lweCable kunye neNgxelo yoHlahlelo lweSicwangciso soTyalo-mali.
Kwinkqubo yokukhuthaza isicwangciso soshishino lwezizwe ngezizwe zeenkampani zocingo kunye nentambo kunye nokuphumeza ulawulo lobuchule kunye nolawulo, le migaqo ilandelayo kufuneka ilandelwe: kuthathelwa ingqalelo ishishini lasekhaya kunye neshishini lamazwe ngamazwe, ukufuna unxibelelwano phakathi kwezibonelelo kunye nokuhlelwa kwemizi-mveliso, isikali esingaguqukiyo kunye nokusebenza kakuhle. , kunye nokulinganisa ubunini kunye namalungelo olawulo , inkampani engumzali kunye neshishini elincedisayo lilungelelaniswa, kwaye uhlobo lombutho lwemveliso luyahambelana nesakhiwo sombutho kunye nenkqubo yokulawula yokusebenza nokulawula.Ukulandela le migaqo, iinkampani zocingo kunye neentambo kufuneka zijongane nobudlelwane obulandelayo:
1. Ukuphatha ngokuchanekileyo ubudlelwane phakathi koshishino lwasekhaya kunye noshishino lwamazwe ngamazwe
Kufuneka kucaciswe ukuba ukusebenza kwezizwe ngezizwe kwamashishini ocingo kunye neentambo kuyimfuno kunye nesiphumo senjongo yokwandiswa kwemveliso yeshishini, kunokuba ibe nenjongo yokuzenzela kunye neyokwenziwa.Ayizizo zonke iinkampani zocingo kunye neentambo ekufuneka zibandakanyeke kwimisebenzi yezizwe ngezizwe.Ngenxa yezikali ezahlukeneyo kunye nobume beshishini beenkampani, kukho iinkampani ezimbalwa zocingo kunye neentambo ezilungele kuphela ukuqhuba ishishini kwimarike yasekhaya.Iinkampani zocingo kunye neentambo ezineemeko zokusebenza kumazwe ngamazwe zisafuna ukuphatha ngokuchanekileyo ubudlelwane phakathi koshishino lwasekhaya kunye noshishino lwamazwe ngamazwe.Imarike yasekhaya yinkampu esisiseko yokuphila kunye nophuhliso lwamashishini.Amashishini ocingo kunye neentambo angathatha ithuba leemeko ezifanelekileyo zemozulu, ijografi, kunye nabantu ukuba baqhube ishishini eTshayina.Nangona kunjalo, uphuhliso lwamashishini ocingo lwaseTshayina kunye neentambo kufuneka athathe umngcipheko kule miba.Ugxininiso kwixesha elide, ukwandisa umda wokusebenza kwingingqi ngokwembono yolwabiwo olugqwesileyo lwemiba yemveliso ukuphucula isabelo semarike kunye nokhuphiswano.
2. Ngokufanelekileyo ithathela ingqalelo ubudlelwane phakathi koyilo lwemizi-mveliso kunye nolwabiwo lwezibonelelo
Ke ngoko, iinkampani zocingo kunye neentambo akufuneki ziphuhlise izibonelelo phesheya kuphela, kodwa zikhuphe izixhobo phesheya kangangoko ukuze kuncitshiswe iindleko zempahla ekrwada kunye nezinye iindleko zothutho.Kwangaxeshanye, amashishini ocingo kunye neentambo ngamashishini okuvelisa, kwaye kufuneka athathele ingqalelo ngokufanelekileyo ifuthe lemithombo yendalo kunye nokunqongophala kwamandla kubume bemizi-mveliso, kunye nokuhambisa amakhonkco emveliso anamandla kumazwe aphesheya kunye nemimandla enemithombo etyebileyo kunye neendleko eziphantsi.
3. Ukuphatha ngokuchanekileyo ubudlelwane phakathi kokwandiswa kwesikali kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle
Ukutyhubela iminyaka, ubungakanani bemisebenzi yezizwe ngezizwe yocingo lwaseTshayina kunye namashishini ekhebula ixhalabile, kwaye uluvo loluntu ngokubanzi lukholelwa ukuba ngenxa yobuncinci babo, amashishini amaninzi awazange avelise izibonelelo ezilindelekileyo kwezoqoqosho.Ke ngoko, kangangexesha elithile, imisebenzi yezizwe ngezizwe yezinye iinkampani zaseTshayina zocingo kunye neentambo zentambo ziye zaya kwelinye icala eligqithileyo, ukufuna icala elinye lokwandisa isikali, ukungahoywa kweenzuzo zoqoqosho, kwaye ngaloo ndlela ngokuchasene nenjongo yokuqala yokusebenza kwezizwe ngezizwe.Ngoko ke, iinkampani zeengcingo kunye neentambo kufuneka zibambe ngokuchanekileyo ubudlelwane phakathi kwesikali kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwisicwangciso sobuchule kunye nokuphunyezwa kwemisebenzi yezizwe ngezizwe, kunye nokwandisa umlinganiselo wabo ukuze bafumane inzuzo ephezulu.
4. Luphathe ngokuchanekileyo unxulumano phakathi kobunini nolawulo
Iinkampani zocingo kunye neentambo zifumene inxalenye okanye bonke ubunini beenkampani zaphesheya ngotyalo-mali oluthe ngqo lwangaphandle.Injongo kukufumana ulawulo kwiinkampani zaphesheya ngobunini, ukuze kunikezelwe isicwangciso esipheleleyo sophuhliso senkampani engumzali kunye nokufezekisa iinzuzo eziphezulu kwezoqoqosho.Ngokuchasene noko, ukuba ishishini locingo kunye nentambo lifumana inxalenye okanye bonke ubunini beshishini laphesheya, kodwa lusilele ukusebenzisa ulawulo kwishishini kwaye alwenzi ubunini busebenzise isicwangciso esipheleleyo se-ofisi enkulu, ngoko umsebenzi welizwe lonke uyaphulukana. intsingiselo yalo yokwenyani. Ayiloshishini lokwenene lezizwe ngezizwe.Ngoko ke, inkampani yocingo kunye nentambo ethatha imarike yehlabathi njengenjongo yayo yeqhinga kufuneka ifumane amalungelo olawulo ahambelanayo nokuba ifumana ubunini obungakanani kwimisebenzi yamazwe ngamazwe.
Ixesha lokuposa: Sep-23-2022