Umlinganiselo womgangatho wamandla ngumbane kunye namaxesha.Ukungalingani kwamandla kagesi kuchaphazela kakhulu umgangatho wamandla.Ukonyuka, ukuncipha okanye ukulahleka kwesigaba sombane wesigaba kuya kuchaphazela ukusebenza ngokukhuselekileyo kwesixhobo sombane wombane kunye nomgangatho wamandla ombane womsebenzisi ukuya kumaqondo ahlukeneyo.Kukho izizathu ezininzi zokungalingani kwamandla kwinkqubo yembuyekezo.Eli nqaku lazisa Iimbangela ezithandathu zokungalungelelani kwamandla ombane zicazululwa ngokweenkcukacha, kwaye izinto ezahlukeneyo ziyahlalutywa kwaye kujongwane nazo.
Amagama angundoqo: umbane wenkqubo yembuyekezo;ukungalingani;uhlalutyo kunye nokusebenza
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1 Ukuveliswa kombane wokungalingani
1.1 I-capacitance yomhlaba we-voltage yesigaba sothungelwano olungalungelelananga olubangelwa isidanga sembuyekezo esingafanelekanga kunye nazo zonke iikhoyili zokucinezelwa kwe-arc kwinkqubo yembuyekezo zenza uthotho lwesekethe ye-resonant ene-asymmetric volt UHC njengobonelelo lombane, kwaye indawo engathathi hlangothi yombane wokufuduswa yile:
UN=[uo/(P+jd)]·Ux
Kwifomula: i-uo yi-degree ye-asymmetry yenethiwekhi, i-degree yembuyekezo yenkqubo: d yizinga lokuthomalalisa kwenethiwekhi, eliphantse lilingane ne-5%;U-U yinkqubo yombane wesigaba sobonelelo lwamandla.Inokubonwa kule fomyula ingentla ukuba incinci idigri yembuyekezo, iphezulu i-voltage yenqaku elingathathi hlangothi.Ukugcina amandla ombane angathathi hlangothi angabiphezulu kakhulu ngexesha lokusebenza okuqhelekileyo, imbuyekezo yeresonance kunye nembuyekezo ekufutshane kufuneka ithintelwe ngexesha lokusebenza, kodwa kwiimeko ezinokwenzeka, nangona kunjalo, ihlala isenzeka: ① Idigri yembuyekezo incinci kakhulu, ngenxa I-capacitor yangoku kunye ne-inductance current ye-arc suppression coil IL=Uφ/2πfL ngenxa yokutshintshwa kwe-voltage yokusebenza kunye nomjikelezo, zombini i-IC kunye ne-IL inokutshintsha, ngaloo ndlela iguqule i-degree yembuyekezo endala.Inkqubo isondela okanye yenza imbuyekezo ye-resonance.②Unikezelo lwamandla ombane lumisiwe.Xa umqhubi ehlengahlengisa ikhoyili yokucinezelwa kwe-arc, ubeka ngengozi umtshintshi wempompo kwindawo engafanelekanga, ebangela ukufuduka okucacileyo kokungathathi hlangothi, kwaye emva koko kwenzeka ukungalingani kwesigaba sombane.③ Kwigridi yamandla ohlawulelwa ngaphantsi, ngamanye amaxesha ngenxa yokukhubeka komgca, okanye ukumka kombane ngenxa yothintelo lombane kunye nokugcinwa, okanye ngenxa yokubekwa kwentambo kwigridi yamandla ehlawulelwe ngaphezulu-imbuyekezo, kuya kubakho kufutshane okanye yenze imbuyekezo yeresonance, isiphumo ngokungathabathi cala.Inqaku liyasuswa, kwaye i-voltage yesigaba ingalinganiyo.
1.2 Ukungalingani kwamandla ombane okubangelwa kukuqhawulwa kwe-PT kwindawo yokujonga umbaneisibonakaliso sokumisa singavela (i-PT primary disconnection), ebangela Ukubonakaliswa kwe-voltage yesigaba esinqanyuliweyo siphantsi kakhulu okanye akukho nto ibonisa, kodwa akukho nqanaba lokunyuka kwe-voltage, kwaye le nto iyenzeka kuphela kwi-transformer ethile.
1.3 Imbuyekezo yokungalingani kwe-voltage ebangelwa yi-single-phase-grounding system Xa inkqubo iqhelekile, i-asymmetry incinci, i-voltage ayinkulu, kwaye ikhono lendawo engathathi hlangothi isondele kumandla omhlaba.Xa isiseko sesinyithi senzeka kwindawo ethile kumgca, ibha yebhasi okanye isixhobo esiphilayo, sikwisakhono esifanayo nomhlaba, kwaye ixabiso lombane lezigaba ezibini eziqhelekileyo emhlabeni linyukela kumbane wesigaba ukuya kwisigaba, okukhokelela ekususweni kweendawo ezingathathi hlangothi.Ukuchasana okwahlukileyo, ii-voltages ezimbini zesigaba esiqhelekileyo zisondele okanye zilingana nombane womgca, kwaye i-amplitudes iyafana.Isalathiso samandla ombane wokufuduka kwindawo engathathi hlangothi sikumgca othe ngqo njengombane wesigaba somhlaba, kwaye isalathiso sichasene nayo.Ubudlelwane be-phasor buboniswe kuMfanekiso 2. kubonisiwe.
1.4 Ukungalingani kwamandla ombane okubangelwa kukuqhawulwa kwesigaba esisodwa somgca kubangela ukuba utshintsho lwe-asymmetric yeparameters kwinethiwekhi emva kokuqhawulwa kwesigaba esinye, esenza ukuba i-asymmetry inyuke kakhulu, okukhokelela kumbane omkhulu wokufuduka kwindawo engathathi hlangothi. igridi yamandla, ekhokelela kwisigaba sesithathu senkqubo.Amandla ombane omhlaba ongalungelelananga.Emva kokuqhawulwa kwesigaba esisodwa senkqubo, amava adlulileyo kukuba i-voltage yesigaba esinqanyuliweyo iyanda kwaye i-voltage yezigaba ezimbini eziqhelekileyo ziyancipha.Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yomahluko kwindawo yokuqhawula inqanaba elinye, iimeko zokusebenza kunye nezinto ezichaphazelayo, isalathiso kunye nobukhulu be-voltage ye-neutral point displacement kunye nokubonakaliswa kwe-voltage nganye yesigaba ukuya kumhlaba akufani;Elinganayo okanye elinganayo, i-voltage yonikezelo lwamandla kumhlaba wesigaba esinqanyuliweyo siyancipha;okanye i-voltage yesigaba esiqhelekileyo ukuya emhlabeni iyancipha, kwaye i-voltage yesigaba esinqanyuliweyo kunye nesinye isigaba esiqhelekileyo ukuya emhlabeni sinyuka kodwa i-amplitudes ayilingani.
1.5 Ukungalingani kwamandla ombane okubangelwa kukudityaniswa kwe-inductive kwezinye iinkqubo zembuyekezo.Imigca emibini yeenkqubo ezimbini zembuyekezo yokuhanjiswa kwamandla ngokusondeleyo kwaye amacandelo ahambelanayo amade, okanye xa ukuvulwa komnqamlezo kufakwe kwipali enye ukwenzela ukugcinwa, imigca emibini idityaniswe ngokulandelelana yi-capacitance phakathi kwemigca ehambelanayo.isekethe ye-resonant.Ukungalingani kwamandla ombane kwisigaba ukuya emhlabeni kwenzeka.
1.6 Isigaba sombane esingalungelelananga ngokugqithiswa kwe-resonance Overvoltage Uninzi lwezinto ezingenayo i-inductive kwigridi yamandla, njengeziguquli, ii-electromagnetic voltage transformers, njl.Xa ibhasi engenanto ihlawuliswa, isigaba ngasinye se-electromagnetic voltage transformer kunye ne-capacitance yomhlaba we-network yenza i-oscillation circuit ezimeleyo, enokubangela ukunyuka kombane wesigaba ezibini, ukuncipha kombane wesigaba esinye okanye ukungalingani kwesigaba sombane.Le resonance ye-ferromagnetic, Ibonakala kuphela kwibhasi enye kuphela yamandla xa utshaja ibhasi engenanto ngokusebenzisa i-transformer enomthombo wamandla welinye inqanaba lombane.Kwinkqubo enezinga le-voltage, le ngxaki ayikho xa ibhasi ye-substation yesibini ihlawuliswa ngumgca oyintloko wokuhambisa amandla.Ukuthintela ibhasi yokutshaja engenanto, umgca omde kufuneka uhlawulwe kunye.
2 Isigwebo kunye nonyango lokungalingani kwamandla ombane ohlukeneyo ekusebenzeni kwenkqubo
Xa i-voltage yesigaba ingalinganiyo iyenzeka ekusebenzeni kwenkqubo, uninzi lwazo lukhatshwa yimiqondiso yokumisa, kodwa ukungalungelelani kombane akusiyo yonke isiseko, ngoko ke umgca awufanele ukhethwe ngokungaboniyo, kwaye kufuneka uhlalutywe kwaye ugwetywe kule miba ilandelayo:
2.1 Fumana unobangela kuluhlu olungalungelelananga lwamandla ombane wesigaba
2.1.1 Ukuba i-voltage engalinganiyo ilinganiselwe kwindawo enye yokubeka iliso kwaye akukho nqanaba lokunyuka kwamandla ombane, okubangela ukuba umsebenzisi angabikho impendulo yokulahleka kwesigaba, i-unit PT circuit iyanqanyulwa.Ngeli xesha, qwalasela kuphela ukuba ukukhuselwa kwecandelo lombane kunokungasebenzi kakuhle kwaye kuchaphazele umlinganiselo.Ingaba isizathu sokungalungelelani sibangelwa uxhulumaniso lomthwalo ongalinganiyo wesiphaluka esiphambili, esikhokelela kwisiboniso esingalinganiyo, nokuba kubangelwa ukungaphumeleli kwesikrini sokubonisa.
2.1.1 Ukuba ukungalungelelani kombane kwenzeka kwindawo nganye yokujongwa kwamandla ombane kwisistim ngaxeshanye, isalathiso sombane kwindawo nganye yokubeka iliso kufuneka sijongwe.I-voltage engalinganiyo iyabonakala, kwaye kukho izigaba ezihlayo kunye nezigaba ezikhulayo, kwaye izibonakaliso zendawo nganye yokubeka iliso kumbane ziyafana.Imeko ebangela amandla ombane angaqhelekanga inokuba yinto ekhethekileyo kakhulu njengokungaqhagamshelwanga kakuhle kwesiguquli sombane webhasi.Kwakhona kunokwenzeka ukuba izizathu ezininzi zixutywe kunye.Ukuba unobangela wokungaqhelekanga awufunyaniswanga, inxalenye engaqhelekanga kufuneka ihoxiswe ekusebenzeni kwaye inikezelwe kubasebenzi bolondolozo ukuze baqwalaselwe.Njengomthumeli kunye nomqhubi, kwanele ukugqiba ukuba imbangela yokungaqhelekanga ilele kwinguqu ye-voltage yebhasi yebhasi kunye neesekethe ezilandelayo, kwaye ubuyisele inkqubo yombane kwisiqhelo.Izizathu zisenokuba:
①Idigri yembuyekezo ayifanelekanga, okanye uhlengahlengiso kunye nokusebenza kwekhoyili yokucinezelwa kwe-arc akulunganga.
②Inkqubo yembuyekezo engaphantsi, kukho iihambo zengozi zomgca kunye neeparamitha ezilinganayo.
③Xa umthwalo uphantsi, i-frequency kunye ne-voltage itshintsha kakhulu.
4. Emva kwengozi engalinganiyo efana ne-grounding yenzeke kwezinye iinkqubo zembuyekezo, i-neutral point displacement yenkqubo ibangelwa, kwaye ukungalingani kwe-voltage okubangelwa ingxaki yembuyekezo kufuneka kulungiswe.Isidanga sembuyekezo kufuneka sihlengahlengiswe.
Ukungalingani kwe-voltage okubangelwa ukukhubeka komgca wegridi yamandla ekusebenzeni okungaphantsi kwembuyekezo, kuyimfuneko ukuzama ukutshintsha idigri yembuyekezo kunye nokulungelelanisa ikhoyili yokunciphisa i-arc.Xa umthwalo womnatha usendleleni, ukungalingani kwe-voltage kwenzeka xa umjikelezo kunye nokuphakama kwe-voltage, kwaye i-coil yokunciphisa i-arc inokulungiswa emva kokuba ukungalingani kunyamalala ngokwemvelo.Njengomthumeli, kuya kufuneka wazi kakuhle ezi mpawu ukuze ugwebe ngokuchanekileyo kwaye ujongane ngokukhawuleza nezinto ezingaqhelekanga ezinokuthi zenzeke ngexesha lokusebenza.Ukugwetywa kwento enye kulula, kwaye ukugwetywa kunye nokusetyenzwa kwe-voltage engaqhelekanga ebangelwa yimpazamo edibeneyo yeemeko ezimbini okanye ngaphezulu zintsonkothile.Umzekelo, ukusekwa kwenqanaba elinye okanye i-resonance ihlala ihamba kunye ne-high-voltage fuse blowing kunye ne-low-voltage fuse blowing.Xa i-fuse ye-voltage ephezulu ingavuthelwanga ngokupheleleyo, ingaba isignali yokumisa ithunyelwe okanye ayixhomekeke kwixabiso lesibini lokumisela ixabiso lomqondiso wokumisa kunye neqondo le-fuse evuthelweyo.Ukujonga ukusuka kowona msebenzi, xa i-voltage ingaqhelekanga, isekethe yesibini ihlala ingaqhelekanga.Ngeli xesha, ingaba inqanaba le-voltage kunye neempawu zokumisa zithunyelwa ngaphandle, ixabiso lereferensi alilikhulu.Kubaluleke ngakumbi ukufumanisa umgaqo wophando kunye nokujongana nombane ongaqhelekanga.
2.2 Ukuqwalasela unobangela ngokobungakanani bamandla ombane wesigaba sokungalungelelani.Ngokomzekelo, ukungalingani kwe-voltage yesigaba esinzulu kwenzeka kwisitishi ngasinye ngexesha lokusebenza kwenkqubo, ebonisa ukuba kukho isiseko sesigaba esisodwa okanye ukuqhawulwa kwesigaba esisodwa kumgca oyintloko kuthungelwano, kwaye indawo nganye yokubeka iliso yombane kufuneka iphandwe ngokukhawuleza.Ngokwesalathiso sombane wesigaba ngasinye, yenza isigwebo esibanzi.Ukuba kusisiseko esilula senqanaba elinye, ungakhetha umgca wokukhangela ngokoluhlu oluchaziweyo lokukhetha umgca.Khetha kuqala kwi-outlet ye-substation yamandla, oko kukuthi, emva kokukhetha i-trunk yokumisa ngokomgaqo othi "ingcambu yokuqala, emva koko i-tip", uze ukhethe icandelo lokumisa kumacandelo.
2.3 Ukuqwalasela izizathu ezisekelwe kutshintsho lokusebenza kwesixhobo senkqubo ① Ukungaqhelekanga kwenzeka kwinqanaba elithile lesigaba esithathu somoya we-transformer, kunye nokunikezelwa kwamandla ombane asymmetric.② Umgca wokuhambisa ude, i-cross-section ye-conductor ayilingani, kwaye i-impedance kunye nokuhla kwe-voltage kuyahluka, okubangelwa umbane ongalinganiyo wesigaba ngasinye.③ Amandla kunye nokukhanya kuyaxutywa kwaye kwabelwana, kwaye kukho imithwalo yenqanaba elinye, njengezixhobo zasekhaya, iziko lombane, oomatshini bokuwelda, njl. isigaba, ukwenza amandla ombane ombane kunye nokungahambelani kwangoku.ibhalansi.
Ukushwankathela, ekusebenzeni kwenkqubo encinci yokumisa yangoku (inkqubo yembuyekezo) esekelwe kwi-coil yokucinezela i-arc, i-voltage yesigaba sokungalungelelani kombane kwenzeka amaxesha ngamaxesha, kwaye ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukeneyo, idigri kunye neempawu zokungalungelelani nazo. ezahlukeneyo.Kodwa imeko eqhelekileyo kukuba igridi yamandla isebenza kwimeko engaqhelekanga, kwaye ukunyuka, ukuncipha okanye ukulahleka kwesigaba sombane wesigaba kuya kuchaphazela ukusebenza okukhuselekileyo kwezixhobo zegridi yamandla kunye nokuveliswa komsebenzisi ukuya kumaqondo ahlukeneyo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Aug-29-2022