Makina opanga magetsi a Photovoltaic amagawidwa kukhala odziyimira pawokha ma photovoltaic system ndi grid-connected photovoltaic systems.Malo odziyimira pawokha opangira magetsi a photovoltaic akuphatikizapo machitidwe opangira magetsi m'midzi m'madera akutali, makina opangira magetsi am'nyumba a dzuwa, magetsi olumikizirana, chitetezo cha cathodic, magetsi amisewu a dzuwa ndi makina ena opangira magetsi a photovoltaic okhala ndi mabatire omwe amatha kugwira ntchito paokha.
Makina opangira magetsi opangidwa ndi gridi opangidwa ndi magetsi ndi njira yopangira mphamvu ya photovoltaic yomwe imalumikizidwa ndi gridi ndikutumiza magetsi ku gridi.Itha kugawidwa m'magulu opangira magetsi olumikizidwa ndi grid ndi opanda mabatire.Njira yopangira magetsi yolumikizidwa ndi gridi yokhala ndi batri imatha kukonzedwa ndipo imatha kuphatikizidwa kapena kuchotsedwa pagulu lamagetsi malinga ndi zosowa.Ilinso ndi ntchito yosungira mphamvu zamagetsi, zomwe zingapereke mphamvu zamagetsi mwadzidzidzi pamene gululi lamagetsi likudulidwa pazifukwa zina.Makina opanga magetsi opangidwa ndi gridi ya Photovoltaic okhala ndi mabatire nthawi zambiri amayikidwa m'nyumba zogona;Makina opangira magetsi olumikizidwa ndi grid popanda mabatire alibe ntchito zotumizira komanso mphamvu zosunga zobwezeretsera, ndipo nthawi zambiri amayikidwa pamakina akuluakulu.
Zida zamakina
Dongosolo lamphamvu la photovoltaic limapangidwa ndi ma cell a solar, mapaketi a batri, owongolera ndi kutulutsa, ma inverters, makabati ogawa magetsi a AC, machitidwe owongolera dzuwa ndi zida zina.Zina mwa ntchito zake zida ndi:
PV
Kukakhala kuwala (kaya ndi kuwala kwa dzuwa kapena kuwala kopangidwa ndi zounikira zina), batire imatenga mphamvu yowunikira, ndipo kudzikundikira kwa zolipiritsa zotsutsana kumachitika kumapeto kwa batire, ndiko kuti, "voltage yopangidwa ndi chithunzi" zopangidwa, zomwe ndi "photovoltaic effect".Pansi pa mphamvu ya photovoltaic, malekezero awiri a selo la dzuwa amapanga mphamvu ya electromotive, yomwe imasintha mphamvu ya kuwala kukhala mphamvu yamagetsi, yomwe ndi chipangizo chosinthira mphamvu.Maselo a dzuwa nthawi zambiri amakhala ma cell a silicon, omwe amagawidwa m'mitundu itatu: ma cell a solar a monocrystalline silicon, ma cell a solar a polycrystalline silicon ndi ma amorphous silicon solar cell.
Battery paketi
Ntchito yake ndikusungira mphamvu zamagetsi zomwe zimatulutsidwa ndi gulu la selo la dzuwa pamene liwunikiridwa ndi kupereka mphamvu ku katundu nthawi iliyonse.Zofunikira pa paketi ya batri yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mphamvu zama cell ndi: a.kutsika kwamadzimadzimadzimadzi;b.moyo wautali wautumiki;c.mphamvu yotaya kwambiri yotaya;d.Kuthamanga kwambiri;e.kusamalidwa pang'ono kapena kusamalidwa;f.ntchito kutentha Wide osiyanasiyana;g.mtengo wotsika.
chipangizo chowongolera
Ndi chipangizo chomwe chingalepheretse kuchulukirachulukira komanso kutulutsa kwa batri.Popeza kuchuluka kwa kuwongolera ndi kutulutsa komanso kuya kwa batire ndi zinthu zofunika kwambiri pakuzindikira moyo wautumiki wa batri, chowongolera ndi chowongolera chomwe chimatha kuwongolera kuchulukira kapena kutulutsa kwa batri ndi chida chofunikira.
Inverter
Chipangizo chomwe chimatembenuza magetsi olunjika kukhala alternating current.Popeza ma cell a solar ndi mabatire ndi magetsi a DC, ndipo katunduyo ndi katundu wa AC, inverter ndiyofunikira.Malinga ndi momwe amagwirira ntchito, ma inverters amatha kugawidwa kukhala ma inverters odziyimira pawokha ndi ma inverters olumikizidwa ndi grid.Ma inverter oyima okha amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamakina oyimira okha a solar cell kuti azitha kunyamula katundu woyima okha.Ma inverters olumikizidwa ndi ma gridi amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamakina opangira magetsi a solar cell.Inverter imatha kugawidwa mu square wave inverter ndi sine wave inverter malinga ndi mawonekedwe otuluka.The square wave inverter ili ndi dera losavuta komanso lotsika mtengo, koma ili ndi gawo lalikulu la harmonic.Amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'makina omwe ali pansi pa ma Watts mazana angapo komanso okhala ndi zofunikira zochepa za harmonic.Sine wave inverters ndi okwera mtengo, koma angagwiritsidwe ntchito pazinthu zosiyanasiyana.
kutsatira dongosolo
Poyerekeza ndi mphamvu yopangira mphamvu ya dzuwa ya photovoltaic pamalo okhazikika, dzuwa limatuluka ndi kulowa tsiku lililonse mu nyengo zinayi za chaka, ndipo mbali ya kuwala kwa dzuwa imasintha nthawi zonse.Ngati gulu la solar limatha kuyang'anizana ndi dzuwa nthawi zonse, mphamvu yopangira magetsi imakhala bwino.kufikira mkhalidwe wabwino kwambiri.Njira zolondolera dzuŵa zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi zimafunikira kuwerengetsa mbali ya dzuŵa panthaŵi zosiyanasiyana za tsiku lililonse la chaka malinga ndi latitude ndi longitude ya malo amene malo aikidwa, ndi kusunga malo adzuŵa nthaŵi iliyonse pachaka. mu PLC, kompyuta-chip imodzi kapena mapulogalamu apakompyuta., ndiko kuti, powerengera malo adzuwa kuti akwaniritse zolondolera.Chiphunzitso cha data pa kompyuta chimagwiritsidwa ntchito, chomwe chimafuna deta ndi makonzedwe a zigawo za latitude ndi longitude za dziko lapansi.Akayika, zimakhala zovuta kusuntha kapena kupasula.Pambuyo pa kusuntha kulikonse, deta iyenera kukonzedwanso ndipo magawo osiyanasiyana ayenera kusinthidwa;mfundo, dera, teknoloji, zipangizo Zovuta, osati akatswiri sangathe kuzigwira ntchito mwachisawawa.Kampani yopanga mphamvu ya dzuwa ya photovoltaic ku Hebei yangopanga njira yanzeru yotsatirira dzuwa yomwe ili yotsogola padziko lonse lapansi, yotsika mtengo, yosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito, safunikira kuwerengera momwe dzuwa lilili m'malo osiyanasiyana, alibe mapulogalamu, ndipo amatha molondola. tsatirani dzuwa pazida zam'manja nthawi iliyonse, kulikonse.Dongosololi ndiye njira yoyamba yowonera malo ku China yomwe sigwiritsa ntchito mapulogalamu apakompyuta konse.Lili ndi mlingo wotsogola wapadziko lonse lapansi ndipo silina malire ndi malo ndi kunja.Ikhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri mkati mwa kutentha kwapakati pa -50 ° C mpaka 70 ° C;kulondola kolondola kumatha kukhala Fikirani ± 0.001 °, kukulitsa kulondola kolondola kwa dzuwa, kuzindikira bwino kutsata kwanthawi yake, ndikukulitsa kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zadzuwa.Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'malo omwe zida zosiyanasiyana zimafunikira kugwiritsa ntchito kutsatira dzuwa.The automatic sun tracker ndiyotsika mtengo, yosasunthika pakugwira ntchito, yololera mwadongosolo, yolondola potsata, ndiyosavuta komanso yosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito.Ikani makina opangira magetsi oyendera dzuwa okhala ndi smart sun tracker pamagalimoto othamanga kwambiri, masitima apamtunda, magalimoto olankhulana, magalimoto apadera ankhondo, zombo zankhondo kapena zombo, ziribe kanthu komwe dongosolo likupita, kutembenuka, kutembenuka, smart sun tracker. Onse angathe kuonetsetsa kuti mbali yofunika kutsatira chipangizo chayang'ana dzuwa!
Momwe zimagwirira ntchitoSinthani Broadcast
Mphamvu ya Photovoltaic ndiukadaulo womwe umasintha mwachindunji mphamvu yowunikira kukhala mphamvu yamagetsi pogwiritsa ntchito mawonekedwe a photovoltaic a mawonekedwe a semiconductor.Chinthu chofunika kwambiri pa teknolojiyi ndi selo la dzuwa.Maselo a dzuwa atatha kulumikizidwa mndandanda, amatha kupakidwa ndikutetezedwa kuti apange gawo lalikulu la cell solar cell, kenako kuphatikiza ndi owongolera mphamvu ndi zigawo zina kuti apange chipangizo chopangira mphamvu ya photovoltaic.
Dzuwa la photovoltaic module limasintha kuwala kwa dzuwa kuti likhale lachindunji, ndipo zingwe za photovoltaic zimagwirizanitsidwa mofanana ndi kabati yogawa mphamvu ya DC kupyolera mu bokosi lophatikizana la DC.kulowa mu nduna yogawa mphamvu ya AC, komanso molunjika kumbali ya ogwiritsa ntchito kudzera mu kabati yogawa mphamvu ya AC.
Kuchita bwino kwa ma cell a crystalline silicon cell ndi pafupifupi 10 mpaka 13% (ayenera kukhala pafupifupi 14% mpaka 17%), ndipo mphamvu ya zinthu zakunja zofanana ndi 12 mpaka 14%.Pulogalamu ya dzuwa yomwe imakhala ndi maselo amodzi kapena angapo a dzuwa amatchedwa photovoltaic module.Photovoltaic mphamvu kupanga zinthu makamaka ntchito mbali zitatu: choyamba, kupereka mphamvu kwa nthawi zopanda mphamvu, makamaka kupereka mphamvu kwa moyo ndi kupanga okhala m'madera lalikulu opanda mphamvu, komanso mayikirowevu relay magetsi, kulankhulana magetsi, etc. Kuphatikiza apo, imaphatikizanso magetsi ena am'manja ndi magetsi a Backup;chachiwiri, zinthu zamagetsi zamagetsi zamasiku onse, monga ma charger osiyanasiyana, magetsi amsewu a dzuwa ndi magetsi adzuwa;chachitatu, magetsi olumikizidwa ndi grid, omwe agwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'maiko otukuka.Kupanga magetsi olumikizidwa ndi grid ya dziko langa sikunayambikebe, komabe, gawo la magetsi ogwiritsidwa ntchito pa Masewera a Olimpiki a Beijing a 2008 lidzaperekedwa ndi mphamvu ya dzuwa ndi mphamvu yamphepo.
Mwachidziwitso, teknoloji yopangira mphamvu ya photovoltaic ingagwiritsidwe ntchito nthawi iliyonse yomwe imafuna mphamvu, kuchokera ku ndege, mpaka ku mphamvu zapakhomo, zazikulu ngati malo opangira magetsi a megawati, zazing'ono ngati zoseweretsa, magwero a magetsi a photovoltaic ali paliponse.Zigawo zofunika kwambiri za mphamvu ya dzuwa ya photovoltaic mphamvu ndi maselo a dzuwa (mapepala), kuphatikizapo monocrystalline silicon, polycrystalline silicon, amorphous silicon ndi maselo ofiira a mafilimu.Pakati pawo, mabatire a monocrystalline ndi polycrystalline amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri, ndipo mabatire amorphous amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'makina ena ang'onoang'ono ndi magwero amphamvu owerengera.Kuchita bwino kwa ma cell a crystalline silicon aku China kuli pafupifupi 10 mpaka 13%, ndipo mphamvu ya zinthu zofanana padziko lapansi ndi pafupifupi 12 mpaka 14%.Pulogalamu ya dzuwa yomwe imakhala ndi maselo amodzi kapena angapo a dzuwa amatchedwa photovoltaic module.
Nthawi yotumiza: Sep-17-2022