Transformer ndi chida chamagetsi chokhazikika chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito posintha ma voltage a AC ndi apano komanso kufalitsa mphamvu ya AC.Imatumiza mphamvu yamagetsi molingana ndi mfundo ya electromagnetic induction.Zosintha zitha kugawidwa kukhala zosinthira mphamvu, zosinthira zoyesa, zosinthira zida ndi zosinthira pazolinga zapadera.Ma transfoma amagetsi ndi zida zofunikira zotumizira ndi kugawa ndi kugawa mphamvu kwa ogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu;Transformer yoyesera imagwiritsidwa ntchito poyesa kuyesa kwamagetsi (kukwera kwamagetsi) pazida zamagetsi;Chosinthira chida chimagwiritsidwa ntchito poyezera magetsi ndi chitetezo cha relay chamagetsi ogawa mphamvu (PT, CT);Transformer pazifukwa zapadera ndi monga thiransifoma ya ng'anjo yosungunula, chosinthira chowotcherera, chosinthira chosinthira cha electrolysis, chosinthira chamagetsi chaching'ono, ndi zina zambiri.
Transformer yamagetsi ndi chida chamagetsi chosasunthika, chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kusintha mtengo wina wa voteji ya AC (panopa) kukhala ina kapena mitundu ingapo yamagetsi (yapano) ndi ma frequency omwewo.Pamene mafunde oyambirira apatsidwa mphamvu ndi magetsi osinthasintha, kusintha kwa maginito kumapangidwa.Kusinthasintha kwa maginito kumapangitsa mphamvu ya AC electromotive pamayendedwe achiwiri kudzera mumayendedwe a maginito apakati pachitsulo.Mphamvu yachiwiri yochititsa chidwi ya electromotive imagwirizana ndi kuchuluka kwa matembenuzidwe a ma windings a pulayimale ndi achiwiri, ndiko kuti, magetsi amafanana ndi chiwerengero cha matembenuzidwe.Ntchito yake yayikulu ndikutumiza mphamvu zamagetsi.Chifukwa chake, mphamvu yovotera ndiye gawo lake lalikulu.Mphamvu yovotera ndi mtengo wanthawi zonse woyimira mphamvu, yomwe imayimira kukula kwa mphamvu yamagetsi yopatsirana, yowonetsedwa mu kVA kapena MVA.Pamene mphamvu yamagetsi ikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa thiransifoma, imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti izindikire zomwe zilipo panopa zomwe sizidutsa malire akukwera kwa kutentha pansi pamikhalidwe yodziwika.Chosinthira mphamvu kwambiri chopulumutsa mphamvu ndi amorphous alloy core distribution transformer.Ubwino wake waukulu ndikuti mtengo wotayika wopanda katundu ndiwotsika kwambiri.Kaya mtengo wotayika wopanda katundu ukhoza kutsimikiziridwa ndiye nkhani yayikulu yomwe iyenera kuganiziridwa pamapangidwe onse.Pokonzekera kapangidwe kazinthu, kuwonjezera pakuganizira kuti phata la amorphous alloy palokha silimakhudzidwa ndi mphamvu zakunja, magawo amtundu wa amorphous alloy ayenera kusankhidwa molondola komanso moyenera pakuwerengera.
Transformer yamagetsi ndi imodzi mwa zida zazikulu zamafakitale amagetsi ndi ma substation.Udindo wa transformer ndi wosiyanasiyana.Sizingangokweza magetsi kuti zitumize mphamvu zamagetsi kumalo ogwiritsira ntchito mphamvu, komanso kuchepetsa mphamvu yamagetsi yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pamagulu onse kuti akwaniritse kufunika kwa magetsi.Mwachidule, kutsika ndi kutsika kuyenera kumalizidwa ndi transformer.M'kati mwa njira yotumizira mphamvu mumagetsi, kutayika kwa magetsi ndi mphamvu kudzachitika.Mphamvu yomweyi ikaperekedwa, kutayika kwa voteji kumakhala kofanana ndi voteji, ndipo kutayika kwa mphamvu kumakhala kofanana ndi lalikulu la voteji.Transformer imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwonjezera mphamvu yamagetsi ndikuchepetsa kutayika kwamagetsi.
The thiransifoma wapangidwa awiri kapena kuposerapo koyilo windings bala pa chitsulo chomwecho pachimake.Ma windings amalumikizidwa ndi maginito osinthasintha ndipo amagwira ntchito molingana ndi mfundo ya electromagnetic induction.Kuyika kwa thiransifoma kudzakhala kosavuta kugwira ntchito, kukonza ndi kunyamula, ndipo malo otetezeka komanso odalirika adzasankhidwa.Mphamvu yowerengera ya thiransifoma iyenera kusankhidwa moyenera mukamagwiritsa ntchito thiransifoma.Yaikulu zotakataka mphamvu chofunika kuti palibe katundu ntchito thiransifoma.Mphamvu zowonongekazi zidzaperekedwa ndi dongosolo lamagetsi.Ngati mphamvu ya thiransifoma ndi yaikulu kwambiri, sichidzangowonjezera ndalama zoyamba, komanso kupanga thiransifomayo kugwira ntchito popanda katundu kapena katundu wopepuka kwa nthawi yaitali, zomwe zidzawonjezera chiwerengero cha kutaya katundu, kuchepetsa mphamvu yamagetsi. ndikuwonjezera kuwonongeka kwa netiweki.Kuchita koteroko sikuli ndalama kapena zomveka.Ngati mphamvu ya thiransifoma ndi yaying'ono kwambiri, imadzaza thiransifoma kwa nthawi yayitali ndikuwononga zida mosavuta.Choncho, mphamvu yowerengera ya transformer idzasankhidwa malinga ndi zosowa za katundu wamagetsi, ndipo sizidzakhala zazikulu kapena zochepa kwambiri.
Magetsi osinthira magetsi amagawidwa malinga ndi zolinga zawo: kukwera (6.3kV/10.5kV kapena 10.5kV/110kV kwamagetsi, ndi zina zotero), kulumikizana (220kV/110kV kapena 110kV/10.5kV pazigawo zazing’ono), kutsika pansi (35kV /0.4kV kapena 10.5kV/0.4kV pogawa mphamvu).
Zosintha zamagetsi zimagawidwa molingana ndi kuchuluka kwa magawo: gawo limodzi ndi magawo atatu.
Ma thiransifoma amagetsi amagawidwa ndi ma windings: ma windings awiri (gawo lililonse limayikidwa pachimake chachitsulo chimodzi, ndipo ma windings a pulayimale ndi achiwiri amavulazidwa mosiyana ndi kutsekedwa kwa wina ndi mzake), ma windings atatu (gawo lililonse lili ndi ma windings atatu, ndipo choyambirira ndi chachiwiri). ma windings amavulazidwa padera ndi kutsekeredwa wina ndi mzake), ndi autotransformers (ma taps apakatikati a ma windings amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati choyambirira kapena chachiwiri).Kuthekera kwa mapindikidwe oyambira a thiransifoma yokhota katatu kumafunika kukhala wamkulu kuposa kapena wofanana ndi kuchuluka kwa mafunde achiwiri ndi apamwamba.Chiwerengero cha mphamvu za ma windings atatu ndi 100/100/100, 100/50/100, 100/100/50 malinga ndi ndondomeko ya voteji yapamwamba, voteji yapakati ndi voteji yochepa.Zimafunika kuti ma windings achiwiri ndi apamwamba sangathe kugwira ntchito pansi pa katundu wathunthu.Nthawi zambiri, ma voliyumu a mafunde apamwamba apamwamba amakhala ochepa, ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka popangira magetsi pafupi ndi dera kapena zida zolipirira kuti alumikizane ndi ma voltage atatu.Autotransformer: Pali mitundu iwiri yosinthira masitepe kapena otsika.Chifukwa cha kuchepa kwake pang'ono, kulemera kwake komanso kugwiritsa ntchito ndalama, amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'magulu amagetsi amphamvu kwambiri.Mtundu womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri wa autotransformer yaying'ono ndi 400V/36V (24V), yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito popangira magetsi owunikira chitetezo ndi zida zina.
Zosintha zamagetsi zimayikidwa molingana ndi sing'anga yotsekera: zosinthira zomizidwa ndimafuta (zoletsa malawi komanso osawotcha moto), zosinthira zamtundu wowuma, ndi zosinthira gasi za 110kVSF6.
Pakatikati pa thiransifoma yamagetsi ndi mawonekedwe apakati.
Transformer yamagetsi yamagawo atatu yokhazikitsidwa muukadaulo wolumikizirana wamba ndi chosinthira chapawiri.
Kusaka zolakwika:
1. Kutaya kwamafuta pamalo owotcherera
Makamaka chifukwa chosowa kuwotcherera bwino, kuwotcherera kolakwika, kuwotcherera, ma pinholes, mabowo amchenga ndi zolakwika zina muzowotcherera.Pamene thiransifoma yamagetsi ichoka pafakitale, imakutidwa ndi kuwotcherera ndi utoto, ndipo zowopsa zobisika zidzawululidwa pambuyo pogwira ntchito.Kuphatikiza apo, kugwedezeka kwamagetsi kumayambitsa ming'alu yowotcherera, ndikuyambitsa kutayikira.Ngati kutayikira kwachitika, choyamba fufuzani malo omwe atayikira, ndipo musasiyire.Pazigawo zomwe zatayikira kwambiri, mafosholo athyathyathya kapena nkhonya zakuthwa ndi zida zina zachitsulo zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kusokoneza malo otayikira.Pambuyo poyang'anira kuchuluka kwa kutayikira, pamwamba kuti athandizidwe akhoza kutsukidwa.Ambiri aiwo amachiritsidwa ndi ma polymer composites.Pambuyo kuchiritsa, cholinga chowongolera kutayikira kwa nthawi yayitali chikhoza kukwaniritsidwa.
2. Kutuluka kwa chisindikizo
Chifukwa chosasindikiza bwino ndikuti chisindikizo pakati pa bokosi la bokosi ndi chivundikiro cha bokosi nthawi zambiri chimasindikizidwa ndi ndodo ya rabara yosamva mafuta kapena gasket ya rabara.Ngati cholumikizira sichikugwiridwa bwino, chimayambitsa kutuluka kwa mafuta.Ena amamangidwa ndi tepi ya pulasitiki, ndipo ena amakanikiza mbali ziwirizo pamodzi.Chifukwa cha kugubuduza pa unsembe, mawonekedwe sangakhoze mbamuikha mwamphamvu, amene sangathe kuchita ntchito yosindikiza, ndipo akadali kutayikira mafuta.FusiBlue ikhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito polumikizana kuti apange mawonekedwe ophatikizana, ndipo kutulutsa mafuta kumatha kuwongoleredwa kwambiri;Ngati ntchitoyo ndi yabwino, chipolopolo chachitsulo chimatha kumangidwanso nthawi yomweyo kuti chikwaniritse cholinga chowongolera kutayikira.
3. Kutayikira pa flange kugwirizana
Pamwamba pa flange ndi wosagwirizana, mabawuti omangirira amakhala otayirira, ndipo njira yoyikamo ndi yolakwika, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ma bolts asamangidwe bwino komanso kutayikira kwamafuta.Mutatha kulimbitsa ma bolts otayirira, sungani ma flanges, ndipo gwiranani ndi mabawuti omwe angadutse, kuti mukwaniritse cholinga cha chithandizo chonse.Mangitsani mabawuti otayirira motsatira ndondomeko ya ntchito.
4. Kutuluka kwa mafuta kuchokera ku bolt kapena ulusi wa chitoliro
Pochoka kufakitale, kukonza kumakhala kovutirapo ndipo kusindikiza kumakhala koyipa.Transformer yamagetsi ikasindikizidwa kwakanthawi, kutayikira kwamafuta kumachitika.Ma bolts amasindikizidwa ndi zida zapamwamba za polima kuti azitha kutayikira.Njira ina ndikutulutsa bawuti (nati), gwiritsani ntchito Forsyth Blue kutulutsa pamwamba, kenako ndikuyika zida pamtunda kuti mumange.Pambuyo kuchiritsa, mankhwalawa angapezeke.
5. Kutaya kwachitsulo
Zomwe zimayambitsa kutayikira kwamafuta ndi mabowo amchenga ndi ming'alu yachitsulo.Kuti crack leak, kubowola crack stop hole ndiyo njira yabwino yothetsera kupsinjika ndi kupewa kukulitsa.Panthawi ya chithandizo, waya wotsogolera amatha kuthamangitsidwa kumalo otayikira kapena kugwedezeka ndi nyundo malinga ndi momwe ming'aluyo ilili.Kenako yeretsani malo otulukawo ndi acetone ndikusindikiza ndi zida.Mabowo a mchenga akhoza kutsekedwa mwachindunji ndi zipangizo.
6. Kutaya mafuta kuchokera ku radiator
Machubu a radiator nthawi zambiri amapangidwa ndi machubu achitsulo owotcherera pokanikizira atatha kuphwanyidwa.Kutaya kwamafuta nthawi zambiri kumachitika m'malo opindika ndi kuwotcherera a machubu a radiator.Izi ndichifukwa choti mukanikizira machubu a radiator, khoma lakunja la machubu limakhala lolimba ndipo khoma lamkati limakhala lopanikizika, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kupsinjika kotsalira.Tsekani mavavu apamwamba ndi otsika (mavavu agulugufe) a rediyeta kuti mulekanitse mafuta mu rediyeta ku mafuta mu thanki ndikuchepetsa kuthamanga ndi kutayikira.Pambuyo pozindikira malo otayikira, chithandizo choyenera chapamwamba chidzachitidwa, kenako zida za Faust Blue zidzagwiritsidwa ntchito kusindikiza chithandizo.
7. Kutaya kwa mafuta a botolo la porcelain ndi chizindikiro cha mafuta a galasi
Nthawi zambiri zimachitika chifukwa choyika molakwika kapena kulephera kusindikiza.Zophatikizira za polima zimatha kumangirira zitsulo, zoumba, galasi ndi zida zina, kuti athe kuwongolera kutayikira kwamafuta.
Nthawi yotumiza: Nov-19-2022