Tsarin samar da wutar lantarki na Photovoltaic sun kasu kashi-kashi mai zaman kansa tsarin photovoltaic da tsarin grid-connected photovoltaic.Tashoshin wutar lantarki masu zaman kansu sun haɗa da tsarin samar da wutar lantarki na ƙauye a cikin yankuna masu nisa, tsarin samar da wutar lantarki na gidan hasken rana, samar da wutar lantarki ta siginar sadarwa, kariyar cathodic, fitilun titin hasken rana da sauran tsarin samar da wutar lantarki na hotovoltaic tare da batura waɗanda zasu iya aiki da kansu.
Tsarin samar da wutar lantarki mai haɗawa da grid shine tsarin samar da wutar lantarki na hoto wanda aka haɗa da grid kuma yana watsa wutar lantarki zuwa grid.Ana iya raba shi zuwa tsarin samar da wutar lantarki mai haɗin grid tare da ba tare da baturi ba.Tsarin samar da wutar lantarki mai haɗin grid tare da baturi yana da jadawalin tsari kuma ana iya haɗa shi cikin ko cire shi daga grid ɗin wuta gwargwadon buƙatu.Har ila yau, yana da aikin ajiyar wutar lantarki, wanda zai iya samar da wutar lantarki ta gaggawa lokacin da aka yanke wutar lantarki saboda wasu dalilai.Tsarin samar da wutar lantarki mai haɗin grid na hotovoltaic tare da batura galibi ana shigar da su a cikin gine-ginen zama;Tsarukan samar da wutar lantarki mai haɗin grid ba tare da batura ba ba su da ayyuka na iya aikawa da ƙarfin wariyar ajiya, kuma gabaɗaya ana shigar su akan manyan tsare-tsare.
Kayan aikin tsarin
Tsarin samar da wutar lantarki na photovoltaic yana kunshe da tsarin hasken rana, fakitin baturi, caji da masu kula da fitarwa, masu juyawa, ɗakunan wutar lantarki na AC, tsarin kula da hasken rana da sauran kayan aiki.Wasu daga cikin ayyukan kayan aikin sa sune:
PV
Idan akwai haske (ko hasken rana ne ko hasken da wasu masu haska ke haifarwa), baturin yana ɗaukar makamashin haske, kuma tarin cajin sigina na gaba-da-gaba yana faruwa a ƙarshen baturin, wato "voltage mai ɗaukar hoto" shine. haifar, wanda shine "tasirin photovoltaic".Karkashin aikin tasirin hotovoltaic, iyakar biyun tantanin hasken rana suna haifar da ƙarfin lantarki, wanda ke canza makamashin haske zuwa makamashin lantarki, wanda shine na'urar sauya makamashi.Kwayoyin hasken rana gabaɗaya sel siliki ne, waɗanda suka kasu zuwa nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan iri uku ne: Kwayoyin hasken rana na monocrystalline silicon solar cell, polycrystalline silicon solar cell da amorphous silicon solar cells.
Kunshin baturi
Ayyukansa shine adana makamashin lantarki da ke fitar da su ta hanyar hasken rana a lokacin da aka haskaka shi da kuma samar da wutar lantarki a kowane lokaci.Abubuwan buƙatu na asali don fakitin baturi da ake amfani da su wajen samar da hasken rana sune: a.ƙarancin fitar da kai;b.tsawon rayuwar sabis;c.ƙarfin fitarwa mai ƙarfi mai zurfi;d.babban cajin inganci;e.ƙarancin kulawa ko rashin kulawa;f.zazzabi aiki Faɗin kewayon;g.low farashin.
na'urar sarrafawa
Na'ura ce da za ta iya hana cajin baturi da yawa da yawa ta atomatik.Tunda yawan zagayowar caji da fitarwa da zurfin fitar da baturin abubuwa ne masu mahimmanci wajen tantance rayuwar batirin, caji da na'urar sarrafawa wanda zai iya sarrafa cajin baturi ko yawan fitar da baturin na'ura ce mai mahimmanci.
Inverter
Na'urar da ke juyar da halin yanzu kai tsaye zuwa madaidaicin halin yanzu.Tunda ƙwayoyin hasken rana da batura sune tushen wutar lantarki na DC, kuma lodin nauyin AC ne, mai inverter yana da mahimmanci.Dangane da yanayin aiki, ana iya raba inverter zuwa inverters masu zaman kansu da masu haɗin grid.Ana amfani da inverter na tsaye a cikin tsarin wutar lantarki mai ƙarfi na hasken rana don yin iko da kayan aiki kaɗai.Ana amfani da inverter masu haɗin grid don tsarin samar da wutar lantarki mai haɗin grid.Za'a iya raba inverter zuwa inverter square da kuma sine wave inverter bisa ga siginar fitarwa.The square wave inverter yana da sauƙi kewayawa da ƙananan farashi, amma yana da babban bangaren jituwa.Ana amfani da shi gabaɗaya a cikin tsarin ƙasa da watts ɗari da yawa kuma tare da ƙarancin buƙatun jituwa.Injin juyawar igiyar igiyar ruwa suna da tsada, amma ana iya amfani da su akan kaya iri-iri.
tsarin bin diddigi
Idan aka kwatanta da tsarin samar da wutar lantarki ta hasken rana a wani tsayayyen wuri, rana tana fitowa da faɗuwa kowace rana a cikin yanayi huɗu na shekara, kuma kusurwar hasken rana yana canzawa koyaushe.Idan mai amfani da hasken rana zai iya fuskantar rana ko da yaushe, za a inganta ingancin samar da wutar lantarki.isa ga mafi kyawun yanayi.Na’urorin sarrafa rana da aka saba amfani da su a duniya, duk suna bukatar a lissafta kusurwar rana a lokuta daban-daban na kowace rana ta shekara bisa latitude da longitude na wurin sanyawa, da kuma adana matsayin rana a kowane lokaci na shekara. a cikin PLC, kwamfuta guda-chip ko software na kwamfuta., wato, ta hanyar ƙididdige matsayin rana don cimma nasara.Ana amfani da ka'idar bayanan kwamfuta, wanda ke buƙatar bayanai da saitunan yankunan latitude da longitude na duniya.Da zarar an shigar, ba shi da daɗi don motsawa ko wargajewa.Bayan kowane motsi, dole ne a sake saita bayanan kuma dole ne a daidaita sigogi daban-daban;ka'ida, da'ira, fasaha, kayan aiki Rikici, marasa ƙwararru ba za su iya yin aiki da shi a hankali ba.Kamfanin samar da wutar lantarki mai amfani da hasken rana a Hebei ya keɓance na'ura mai hankali da za ta bin diddigin rana wanda ke kan gaba a duniya, mai arha, mai sauƙin amfani, baya buƙatar ƙididdige bayanan matsayin rana a wurare daban-daban, ba shi da software, kuma yana iya daidai. bibiyar rana akan na'urorin hannu kowane lokaci, ko'ina.Wannan tsarin shi ne na'urar tantance sararin samaniya ta farko a kasar Sin da ba ta amfani da manhajar kwamfuta kwata-kwata.Yana da matakin jagora na duniya kuma baya iyakance ta yanayin yanki da na waje.Ana iya amfani da shi kullum a cikin kewayon zafin jiki na -50 ° C zuwa 70 ° C;daidaiton bin diddigin na iya zama Isar ± 0.001°, haɓaka daidaiton bin diddigin rana, daidaitaccen sa ido akan lokaci, da haɓaka amfani da makamashin hasken rana.Ana iya amfani dashi ko'ina a wuraren da nau'ikan kayan aiki daban-daban ke buƙatar amfani da bin diddigin rana.Mai bin diddigin rana ta atomatik yana da araha, barga cikin aiki, mai ma'ana cikin tsari, daidai cikin bin diddigi, kuma dacewa da sauƙin amfani.Shigar da tsarin samar da wutar lantarki mai amfani da hasken rana mai wayo akan motoci masu sauri, jiragen kasa, motocin gaggawa na sadarwa, motocin sojoji na musamman, jiragen ruwa ko jiragen ruwa, duk inda tsarin ya tafi, yadda ake juyawa, juyawa, smart tracker. Duk suna iya tabbatar da cewa ɓangaren da ake buƙata na na'urar yana fuskantar rana!
Yadda yake aikiEdit Broadcast
Ƙarfin wutar lantarki na Photovoltaic fasaha ce da ke juyar da makamashin haske kai tsaye zuwa makamashin lantarki ta hanyar amfani da tasirin photovoltaic na haɗin gwiwar semiconductor.Babban abin da ke cikin wannan fasaha shine tantanin rana.Bayan an haɗa sel na hasken rana a jere, ana iya tattara su kuma a kiyaye su don samar da wani babban yanki na hasken rana, sa'an nan kuma a haɗa su da masu sarrafa wutar lantarki da sauran abubuwa don samar da na'urar samar da wutar lantarki ta photovoltaic.
Na'urar daukar hoto ta hasken rana tana canza hasken rana kai tsaye zuwa halin yanzu kai tsaye, kuma ana haɗe igiyoyin hotovoltaic a layi daya da majalisar rarraba wutar lantarki ta DC ta cikin akwatin haɗakar DC.a cikin majalisar rarraba wutar lantarki ta AC, kuma kai tsaye zuwa gefen mai amfani ta hanyar majalisar rarraba wutar lantarki ta AC.
Ingancin ƙwayoyin silicon crystalline na cikin gida yana da kusan 10 zuwa 13% (ya kamata ya zama kusan 14% zuwa 17%), kuma ingancin samfuran ƙasashen waje iri ɗaya shine kusan 12 zuwa 14%.Ƙungiyar hasken rana mai kunshe da ɗaya ko fiye da ƙwayoyin hasken rana ana kiranta samfurin photovoltaic.Ana amfani da kayayyakin samar da wutar lantarki na Photovoltaic a cikin bangarori uku: na farko, don samar da wutar lantarki don lokuta marasa ƙarfi, musamman don samar da wutar lantarki don rayuwa da samar da mazauna a cikin yankuna marasa ƙarfi, da kuma wutar lantarki na lantarki na lantarki, wutar lantarki ta sadarwa, da dai sauransu. Bugu da kari, ya kuma hada da wasu kayan wutan lantarki na wayar hannu da samar da wutar lantarki ta Ajiyayyen;na biyu, samfuran lantarki na yau da kullun, irin su caja masu amfani da hasken rana, fitilun titi da hasken rana;na uku, samar da wutar lantarki mai alaka da grid, wanda aka yi amfani da shi sosai a kasashen da suka ci gaba.Har yanzu ba a fara samar da wutar lantarki da ke da alaka da grid na kasata ba, duk da haka, wani bangare na wutar lantarki da ake amfani da shi a gasar Olympics ta Beijing a shekarar 2008, za a samar da wutar lantarki ta hasken rana da iska.
A ka'idar, ana iya amfani da fasahar samar da wutar lantarki a kowane lokaci da ke buƙatar wutar lantarki, tun daga jirgin sama, har zuwa ikon gida, mai girma kamar tashoshin wutar lantarki na megawatt, ƙananan kamar kayan wasan yara, tushen wutar lantarki na photovoltaic suna ko'ina.Abubuwan da suka fi dacewa na samar da wutar lantarki na hasken rana sune sel na hasken rana (zanen gado), gami da silicon monocrystalline, silicon polycrystalline, silicon amorphous da sel fina-finai na bakin ciki.Daga cikin su, ana amfani da batir monocrystalline da polycrystalline mafi yawa, kuma ana amfani da batir amorphous a cikin wasu ƙananan tsarin da maɓuɓɓugar wutar lantarki don ƙididdiga.Ingancin ƙwayoyin silicon crystalline na gida na kasar Sin yana da kusan kashi 10 zuwa 13%, kuma ingancin samfuran makamancin haka a duniya shine kusan 12 zuwa 14%.Ƙungiyar hasken rana mai kunshe da ɗaya ko fiye da ƙwayoyin hasken rana ana kiranta samfurin photovoltaic.
Lokacin aikawa: Satumba-17-2022